THE TALE OF TWO MUMMIES: EXPLORING DIGITAL SUBSTITUTION IN MUSEUM ACCESSIBILITY AND REPATRIATION
This study investigates the potential of fully digital museum exhibitions, where physical artifacts are replaced entirely by digital representations, to enhance accessibility, facilitate repatriation, and expand curatorial possibilities. Departing from prior work that uses technologies like Augmented Reality (AR) and Mixed Reality (MR) to supplement exhibits, this research explores visitor and museum professional perceptions through a controlled experiment featuring an Egyptian ibis mummy and its digital twin. Conducted at Cornell University over three days with over 500 attendees, the exhibition compared reactions to identical rooms—one with the physical mummy, the other with a low-cost 3D digital model—via two surveys (232 pre-exhibition, 177 post-exhibition participants). Results reveal strong public interest: 82.7-93% of people expressed enthusiasm for more digital exhibitions, while 60.8-74.3% of non-attendees showed curiosity, despite 59.9-74.2% preferring the real artifact. Museum professionals were moderately open to hosting such exhibits (34.7-61.4%), with educators most receptive. Using accessible photogrammetry, this approach proves viable for institutions of all sizes, offering a sustainable alternative to loans and replicas. These findings suggest digital exhibitions can democratize access to cultural heritage without compromising institutional reputation, with implications for repatriation and community engagement.