The terahertz frequency spectrum is gaining increasing interest due to its intriguing applications in molecular spectroscopy, imaging, and sensing. This band though very useful has been one of the hardest to access within the electromagnetic spectrum because of the limitations of both optics and electronics. In this work, we look into some of the most challenging electronic functions that will pave the way toward the realization of an ultra-high speed integrated system in this band. Our goal is to replace the expensive and bulky solutions in this frequency band with cheap and versatile CMOS circuits. As far as signal generation in concerned, one of the major bottlenecks for terahertz electronics is the limited achievable power with conventional electronic sources. To address this challenge, we propose signal generation solutions with power levels that are significantly beyond the limit of conventional designs. In order to do so, we investigate the general theory of nonlinear dynamics and seek sophisticated oscillatory systems that are highly effective for high frequency electronic sources. We present prototypes of these terahertz sources which show 4 orders of magnitude improvement compared to previous designs. The presented methods are highly scalable and can be applied to generate even higher output power levels on the same process, or significantly higher power levels using compound semiconductors. Furthermore, the other side of any transmission system in the mm-wave and sub-mm-wave frequency range is a wideband analog signal processing block. Next, in this work we find novel solutions for challenges in wideband analog processing. We present the Electrical Interferometer as an energy efficient method for analog signal detection above 10 GHz. This structure is based on wave interference in a passive electric media and is a high speed and energy efficient method for detecting and quantizing a wideband signal. Furthermore, we propose the delay-line based data converter for GHz range data conversion. This scalable structure exploits the small time resolution on CMOS for low-power and high-speed data conversion.