This paper examines the relationship between fertility and women’s labor income across countries, with a focus on variation across the income distribution. Using DHS and LSMS data, I estimate country-specific regressions of log income on the number of children and key controls and complement these with conditional quantile regressions at the 25th, 50th, and 75th percentiles. The results show a consistent negative association between fertility and earnings across most countries. However, the magnitude of this relationship varies substantially and does not exhibit a clear monotonic relationship with GDP per capita, with some evidence of larger penalties in middle-income countries. Quantile results further indicate heterogeneous distributional patterns across countries, with no uniform trend across the income distribution.