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Let's get started.

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Alright. So good morning
and good afternoon,

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depending on where you are.

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My name is Kelvin Cheu

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I'm a professor from The University
of Texas at El Paso.

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I'm also part of the
Center for Transportation, Environment and Community Health,

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a Tier One University Transportation
Center funded by USDOT.

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I will be hosting this webinar.

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Today, we have a very
distinguished speaker,

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Dr. Regan Zane from
Utah State University.

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He's going to speak to us about 
An Electric Future for Transportation.

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Let me introduce Dr. Zane.

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Dr. Zane is the center director of

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the NSF funded
Research Center for

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Advancing Sustainability

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through Powered Infrastructure for
Roadway Electrification.

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You can see the name of
the center on the screen now.

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He holds

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the David G. and Diann L. Sant 
Endowed Professor position at

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Utah State University in

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the Department of Electrical
and Computer Engineering,

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where he founded the USU
Power Electronics Lab,

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the Electric Vehicle and

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Roadway Research
Facility and Test Track,

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and the Battery Limits and
Survivability Test Lab.

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He has published
approximately 200

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peer reviewed articles,

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28 issued patents
and has received

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international and institutional
recognition in

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his research, teaching
and innovation.

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He has raised more than
$60 million in

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research funding to date.

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His recent research programs

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span electrified
transportation

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charging systems
and infrastructure

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from battery, vehicle, and charging
systems, to grid integration,

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smart charge
management, demand

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response and distributed
energy resources, and so on.

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He maintains a very
strong emphasis

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on collaboration with academic,

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government, and industry
partners to develop and

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transition research innovation
into the marketplace.

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So today, he's going to,

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Dr. Zane is going to share with us

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his research at NSF
funded research center.

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So without further ado, I'll invite

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Dr. Zane to deliver his webinar.

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Before that, let me

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make a few housekeeping announcements.

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First, this webinar is
being recorded on video.

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Second thing is when

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Dr. Zane is
delivering his webinar,

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please mute your microphone.

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And if you have
questions

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you may type it in the Q&A

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section of the Zoom, 
below on your screen.

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We will have
a question and answer

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session after Dr. Zane

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has finished his presentation.

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So Dr. Zane, please.
Kelvin, thank you.

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Thank you. Thank you for
the kind introduction

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and thanks to the team
for the invitation.

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I'm quite excited to be here,

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excited to speak to this
broad and diverse audience.

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So I'll be quite interested to

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hear the questions as they come.

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And, and of course,

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I'll be available after

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the webinar for those that
may watch this online,

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please feel free to
reach out to me.

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We are very interested
in collaborations and

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opportunities to work
together and even just

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brainstorming ideas on how
to make a better future.

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So I'm excited for this.

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I know that in a webinar format

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we don't have a lot of
interaction during the talk,

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so I'll be sure
that I get through

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the core content and
I hope that will

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excite and insight some 
ideas and interests.

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And I'll be sure
I do leave some of

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the time at the end for the Q&A

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that Kevin will help manage.

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As was mentioned, my
name is Regan Zane.

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I am at Utah State University.

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I am the center director for

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the recently funded

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NSF Engineering Research
Center called ASPIRE.

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And as usual, it's an
acronym for the words that,

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that actually does
have meaning here.

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Our center is a consortium of

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universities and
national laboratories and

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industry partners,
all committed to the challenge of

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how do we break down barriers to

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the adoption and
specifically around

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the challenges of the
charging systems and

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infrastructure needed to
support electrification.

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All right, so we'll talk
about some of our ideas.

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I'll highlight some perspective,

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that I think it's important to,

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to our breaking down
these barriers,

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and doing it in what I'll

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say is the right way, 
or positive way.

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And I'd be quite interested in

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your thoughts as
we get to the end.

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I'll also give a brief highlight

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of what we're really
doing here in the center.

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Some expertise we
have and where we'd

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love to have additional
collaboration.

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All right, so let's
dive in.

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We'll go ahead and get started.

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The vision for ASPIRE is to
achieve a better future for

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our children and achieve

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a sustainable and
equitable future.

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And we believe that this
can be accomplished in

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large part by addressing

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the challenges here
in transportation.

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So no surprise,

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we're targeting both
environmental implications

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as well as economic, and so 
health and prosperity.

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And we also have a very
strong emphasis, which I think

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is really a necessity
to accomplish

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the level of impact that
we all would like to

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achieve on equity and

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access to both transportation

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as well as the health and
economic benefits.

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We believe that this
is going to require

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widespread electrification
of all vehicle classes,

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and all, call it adoption
groups or user groups.

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But what I mean here is we
need to be looking beyond

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the personally owned
passenger vehicles

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that are parked in the garage.

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We need to be looking well beyond

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that perspective towards
those that don't have

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access to private parking
and all the way up

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into fleet vehicles and
medium and heavy duty

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and we'll talk a whole lot
more about that as we go.

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Kind of looking at
our nation's goals,

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The target now is

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2050 for net-zero
in the United States.

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I think that's an outstanding
target for us as a nation.

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And I've heard the recent
predictions are to get there,

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we need clearly modifications
in transportation.

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And one of the targets I've
heard recently is by 2030,

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achieving 50 percent or

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more of new vehicles, 
and new vehicle sales

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being electric in
all vehicle classes

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so that all is right in line

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with where we'd
like to head with this.

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So let's talk about
what we're up against

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to accomplish those goals.

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Transportation Electrification

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across vehicle classes.

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What are, what are we
really talking about?

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So I thought might be
helpful first just to,

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kind of take a look and say,
okay, here are the,

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here are the networks where we're

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looking to essentially transform

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to entirely electrify the
transportation system.

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So we're talking about
the electric utility,

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power distribution,

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generation distribution,

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transmission distribution networks.

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And we're talking about our
entire transportation system.

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I'm showing here pictures
of generation and freight.

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But you get the,
you get the idea.

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These are two of the largest
networks in the nation.

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And we're looking to
have significant,

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what we'll call transformative change

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in both of these networks.

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And so thinking about that,

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let's put it in perspective,

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just how big are these systems.

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So the electric utility industry,

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of course, 
this varies year-by-year,

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but it's in the ballpark of
$400 billion - large industry,

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here in the nation,
grows essentially at

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the rate of population
growth or even below,

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with the energy efficiencies
that have been achieved.

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Its emissions have
been decreasing.

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Now it's accounting for

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roughly 27 percent of

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the greenhouse gas
emissions in the nation.

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And that number continues to go down

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with decarbonization of the grid.

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And so let's compare that to
the transportation network.

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This may be something that
many of you are well aware of,

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but let's just compare
those numbers.

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The transportation network,

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if we look at just fuel, and I should

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clarify this in the text.

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If we look at the diesel
and gasoline market

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for transportation,

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now of course that also varies

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with fuel price and

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that's headed up with the

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expected demand here the summer.

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But it too is in that rough number of

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around $400 to $500
hundred billion dollars

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for our fueling industry.

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And it also accounts for

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a very significant portion of

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the greenhouse gas emissions.

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And in fact,

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with the recent adjustments in
decarbonizing the grid,

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transportation is now the
highest emitting sector

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for greenhouse gas
emissions in the U.S.

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Clearly something we
need to be looking at

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and looking to address.

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I'll also emphasize if we

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look at these two
networks together,

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a couple of things
that are interesting.

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One is, because
they're of similar size,

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both in dollars and emissions, 
that all really ties

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to the generation of

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electricity and the use of the gasoline,

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if we envision transforming
one into the other.

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So if the gasoline and diesel were

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a 100 percent
converted to electric,

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of course this isn't
an apples to apples,

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but at least a rough
order of magnitude,

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we're looking at roughly doubling

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the demand on the
electric utility network

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and if we're doing so in a
couple of decades,

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that would be the
highest growth rate of

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electricity that
has ever been seen.

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So this is, we're talking about

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a major, potentially
transformative need for

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growth in the electric utility network.

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Alright so,  just addressing that there are

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going to be some real challenges in getting

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this done, and getting it done well.

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And finally, I'll highlight
we also of course,

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would like to ensure
that as we convert

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the transportation
network over to electric,

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that we're doing so in a way
that also reduces emissions.

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And now of course,
when we do this,

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we have zero tailpipe emissions.

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And that can really
help air quality,

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which is a significant challenge,

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especially in the urban areas
and even in areas of

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low income and
under-represented regions

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that are often areas with

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high traffic and high localized

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emissions so, that can't be ignored.

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That's an important piece of this.

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The other one that I'll
emphasize here is when it comes

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to burning of fuels

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and how we
generate our electricity,

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the greenhouse gas emissions
are also important.

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And as we convert the
transportation to electric,

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it's very important that we

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consider what are going to be the
implications on the grid.

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Is this going to be a
business as usual on

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the grid and maintain the
same ratio of emissions,

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which would mean that
our power network

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would now go up to
50 percent or more?

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Or, are there opportunities here

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where electric vehicles
can actually act

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as a resource to the grid and

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00:11:12,671 --> 00:11:15,490
help accelerate the
decarbonization of the grid?

261
00:11:15,490 --> 00:11:16,781
And that's something we'd like to emphasize,

262
00:11:16,781 --> 00:11:19,510
that we see as a real opportunity.

263
00:11:19,510 --> 00:11:22,121
Not only going to zero
tailpipe emissions,

264
00:11:22,121 --> 00:11:25,121
but also making electric vehicles

265
00:11:25,121 --> 00:11:26,770
a resource to the grid

266
00:11:26,770 --> 00:11:29,020
to help us have a greener grid.

267
00:11:29,020 --> 00:11:31,465
Alright, last point I'd
like to make on this slide

268
00:11:31,465 --> 00:11:33,250
is vehicle classes.

269
00:11:33,250 --> 00:11:36,176
I said we need to look
at all vehicle classes.

270
00:11:36,176 --> 00:11:39,191
Here's a pie chart
showing the energy use by

271
00:11:39,191 --> 00:11:43,181
vehicle class in
transportation, roughly.

272
00:11:43,181 --> 00:11:46,900
And light duty market
is over 50 percent of

273
00:11:46,900 --> 00:11:50,455
the market of energy use

274
00:11:50,455 --> 00:11:52,120
because of the large number of

275
00:11:52,120 --> 00:11:53,951
vehicle miles traveled
by light duty.

276
00:11:53,951 --> 00:11:55,270
But we've broken that down here

277
00:11:55,270 --> 00:11:56,711
into kind of
smaller light duty, the

278
00:11:56,711 --> 00:11:58,391
small passenger vehicles and

279
00:11:58,391 --> 00:12:02,680
the larger light duty, or
SUVs and pickup trucks.

280
00:12:02,680 --> 00:12:04,931
And then what I've
labeled here as trucks is

281
00:12:04,931 --> 00:12:06,821
the medium heavy duty vehicles,

282
00:12:06,821 --> 00:12:09,566
predominantly heavy duty, 
long-haul trucking.

283
00:12:09,566 --> 00:12:12,551
So the small light duty, 
we have vehicles

284
00:12:12,551 --> 00:12:15,101
you can buy today,

285
00:12:15,101 --> 00:12:20,860
you can buy a vehicle now
that's $30,000 to $50,000

286
00:12:20,860 --> 00:12:22,961
that has 300 mile range,

287
00:12:22,961 --> 00:12:26,770
maybe 200 mile of
really usable range on

288
00:12:26,770 --> 00:12:28,781
a long haul trip if
you're charging them to

289
00:12:28,781 --> 00:12:32,051
80 percent and using super
high power charges.

290
00:12:32,051 --> 00:12:33,551
So we're in that realm of

291
00:12:33,551 --> 00:12:35,921
possibility on a light
duty, but we're really not

292
00:12:35,921 --> 00:12:39,236
in the opportunity
for the masses,

293
00:12:39,236 --> 00:12:41,141
so more needs to
be done there.

294
00:12:41,141 --> 00:12:43,210
Then as we advance into
the larger vehicles,

295
00:12:43,210 --> 00:12:45,536
particularly into our
heavy duty trucks,

296
00:12:45,536 --> 00:12:47,245
this is a significant portion.

297
00:12:47,245 --> 00:12:49,075
It's close to a quarter of the

298
00:12:49,075 --> 00:12:52,091
energy overall by
transportation and

299
00:12:52,091 --> 00:12:55,961
more than a quarter of our
roadway transportation

300
00:12:55,961 --> 00:12:57,566
or surface transportation.

301
00:12:57,566 --> 00:12:59,201
So these are areas that have

302
00:12:59,201 --> 00:13:01,000
got to be addressed. Now on trucks.

303
00:13:01,000 --> 00:13:02,995
We can imagine this
isn't quite there yet.

304
00:13:02,995 --> 00:13:08,636
We see a Tesla truck, 
a semi-truck is expected to be coming.

305
00:13:08,636 --> 00:13:10,721
And we have research
projects even in our group,

306
00:13:10,721 --> 00:13:12,820
we have projects with
partners looking

307
00:13:12,820 --> 00:13:15,746
at electric truck demonstrations.

308
00:13:15,746 --> 00:13:18,400
But it's going to be difficult.

309
00:13:18,400 --> 00:13:20,981
There are challenges here.
A heavy duty truck with

310
00:13:20,981 --> 00:13:23,456
400 to 500 mile range,

311
00:13:23,456 --> 00:13:26,531
all Electric with a
battery electric.

312
00:13:26,531 --> 00:13:30,610
Now we're looking at a
battery for that truck alone

313
00:13:30,610 --> 00:13:31,960
that is well over

314
00:13:31,960 --> 00:13:34,976
$100,000, and over
$200,000 today.

315
00:13:34,976 --> 00:13:37,030
And even with projections
we'll stay over

316
00:13:37,030 --> 00:13:40,090
a $100,000, and
weight is an even bigger issue.

317
00:13:40,090 --> 00:13:42,280
The weight of that battery pack, 
now we're looking

318
00:13:42,280 --> 00:13:45,581
at well over 10,000 pounds, again,

319
00:13:45,581 --> 00:13:47,321
likely on the order of

320
00:13:47,321 --> 00:13:49,841
15,000 to 20,000 pounds just
for that battery pack.

321
00:13:49,841 --> 00:13:52,826
So there are significant
challenges to address

322
00:13:52,826 --> 00:13:55,345
in achieving heavy
duty electrification

323
00:13:55,345 --> 00:13:57,041
and even our larger light duty,

324
00:13:57,041 --> 00:13:59,006
and then even small light duty

325
00:13:59,006 --> 00:14:01,511
in catering to the masses.

326
00:14:01,511 --> 00:14:03,311
All right, so I just
wanted to outline some of

327
00:14:03,311 --> 00:14:05,185
the challenges that
are in front of us.

328
00:14:05,185 --> 00:14:06,791
And then really flip this to

329
00:14:06,791 --> 00:14:08,290
show what are the
perspectives that we

330
00:14:08,290 --> 00:14:11,950
believe are important
to do this right.

331
00:14:11,950 --> 00:14:14,140
So how do we ensure that

332
00:14:14,140 --> 00:14:16,541
vehicles and electric
vehicles end up being

333
00:14:16,541 --> 00:14:18,175
a resource to the grid

334
00:14:18,175 --> 00:14:21,265
for decarbonization
and air quality,

335
00:14:21,265 --> 00:14:25,360
while also achieving high quality

336
00:14:25,360 --> 00:14:28,421
of service for high levels
of adoption and low cost?

337
00:14:28,421 --> 00:14:29,800
So few points

338
00:14:29,800 --> 00:14:31,870
I'll just run through here
very, relatively briefly,

339
00:14:31,870 --> 00:14:33,010
working from the left to

340
00:14:33,010 --> 00:14:34,931
the right, starting
with environment.

341
00:14:34,931 --> 00:14:38,020
We need to be looking at
the localized impacts.

342
00:14:38,020 --> 00:14:40,136
So localized air
quality and emissions,

343
00:14:40,136 --> 00:14:43,181
so tailpipe reduction,

344
00:14:43,181 --> 00:14:47,035
as well as where's the
electricity generated?

345
00:14:47,035 --> 00:14:50,815
How is that impacting the air

346
00:14:50,815 --> 00:14:54,490
regions of that area?

347
00:14:54,490 --> 00:14:57,296
We're also looking at
life cycle emissions,

348
00:14:57,296 --> 00:15:00,071
everything from the mining
and manufacturing of

349
00:15:00,071 --> 00:15:01,511
the components leading to

350
00:15:01,511 --> 00:15:03,190
the vehicle and its battery pack

351
00:15:03,190 --> 00:15:06,220
all the way to decommissioning
and recycling.

352
00:15:06,220 --> 00:15:08,260
Grid decarbonization we'll talk

353
00:15:08,260 --> 00:15:10,180
more about as we look
at the grid impacts,

354
00:15:10,180 --> 00:15:12,851
but that needs to be a
consideration for the environment.

355
00:15:12,851 --> 00:15:15,611
And in general, most
of these points

356
00:15:15,611 --> 00:15:18,130
I'm going to make all
point in the same direction.

357
00:15:18,130 --> 00:15:20,321
That is, we love to find

358
00:15:20,321 --> 00:15:23,525
opportunities to reduce
the size of the battery pack

359
00:15:23,525 --> 00:15:25,681
and overall environmental impact,

360
00:15:25,681 --> 00:15:27,406
that battery
pack is one of them.

361
00:15:27,406 --> 00:15:29,161
From the users' perspective,

362
00:15:29,161 --> 00:15:32,280
we've got to look at
opportunities that impact cost.

363
00:15:32,280 --> 00:15:34,050
And I'll show here
in a moment some of

364
00:15:34,050 --> 00:15:39,045
the charging challenges
that directly impact cost.

365
00:15:39,045 --> 00:15:41,251
So at the moment that
cost is really driven by

366
00:15:41,251 --> 00:15:43,141
the cost of the battery
pack, a large pack on

367
00:15:43,141 --> 00:15:45,841
the vehicle and the cost of
charging the battery pack

368
00:15:45,841 --> 00:15:47,221
depending on your
opportunities and

369
00:15:47,221 --> 00:15:49,126
where you're charging
and how you're charging.

370
00:15:49,126 --> 00:15:52,141
Users are also looking for
a more seamless experience.

371
00:15:52,141 --> 00:15:53,700
And in fact, we see opportunities

372
00:15:53,700 --> 00:15:55,350
here where electric
could actually be

373
00:15:55,350 --> 00:15:58,561
more convenient than
the existing gasoline,

374
00:15:58,561 --> 00:16:00,420
gas tank, gas station model

375
00:16:00,420 --> 00:16:02,791
where perhaps vehicles
can even operate,

376
00:16:02,791 --> 00:16:04,590
where we even forget how,

377
00:16:04,590 --> 00:16:06,051
where and when recharge and

378
00:16:06,051 --> 00:16:08,905
and the vehicle's
just always ready.

379
00:16:08,905 --> 00:16:11,740
This leads into the
desire to work with

380
00:16:11,740 --> 00:16:14,185
all classes as well
as user groups.

381
00:16:14,185 --> 00:16:16,546
I mentioned personal,
kind of shared fleet.

382
00:16:16,546 --> 00:16:18,551
We'd also like to
ensure that electric,

383
00:16:18,551 --> 00:16:20,396
which we'd certainly
expect it to be.

384
00:16:20,396 --> 00:16:23,321
But we'd like to see
electric as being synonymous

385
00:16:23,321 --> 00:16:26,801
with, compatible with
autonomous vehicles.

386
00:16:26,801 --> 00:16:29,111
And then finally, we've
got to find solutions

387
00:16:29,111 --> 00:16:31,526
that are more equitable where

388
00:16:31,526 --> 00:16:35,651
electric opportunities
for transportation

389
00:16:35,651 --> 00:16:39,821
and access to transportation
are accessible and,

390
00:16:39,821 --> 00:16:44,471
and are accessible
to all audiences.

391
00:16:44,471 --> 00:16:47,320
And in addition, we'd
like to ensure that

392
00:16:47,320 --> 00:16:51,775
the economic impacts of going
to electric transportation,

393
00:16:51,775 --> 00:16:57,880
as well as the environmental
impacts are all equitable.

394
00:16:57,880 --> 00:16:59,741
On the vehicle side,

395
00:16:59,741 --> 00:17:01,630
what are the implications
to accomplish what

396
00:17:01,630 --> 00:17:03,566
we just went through on
environment and user?

397
00:17:03,566 --> 00:17:06,400
I'll pitch, we need
smaller batteries,

398
00:17:06,400 --> 00:17:08,230
both for the
environmental impact of

399
00:17:08,230 --> 00:17:10,406
the batteries as we go to scale,

400
00:17:10,406 --> 00:17:13,316
as well as for the cost.
We need longer life,

401
00:17:13,316 --> 00:17:16,090
particularly of the battery pack.

402
00:17:16,090 --> 00:17:18,386
Vehicles are low maintenance
for electric systems,

403
00:17:18,386 --> 00:17:20,681
fewer moving parts,
high reliability,

404
00:17:20,681 --> 00:17:24,281
but the battery pack needs to
retain its capacity longer.

405
00:17:24,281 --> 00:17:25,690
And I think there are opportunities

406
00:17:25,690 --> 00:17:27,341
in how we treat the batteries,

407
00:17:27,341 --> 00:17:30,236
as well as the chemistries
and future developments

408
00:17:30,236 --> 00:17:31,660
that can accomplish this.

409
00:17:31,660 --> 00:17:33,430
We're having a heavy
emphasis on what

410
00:17:33,430 --> 00:17:35,245
we call shared infrastructure.

411
00:17:35,245 --> 00:17:37,190
The approach of having

412
00:17:37,190 --> 00:17:38,800
private infrastructure,

413
00:17:38,800 --> 00:17:41,440
or single use infrastructure,
is a real challenge

414
00:17:41,440 --> 00:17:43,720
and it's also part of
that equitable challenge

415
00:17:43,720 --> 00:17:45,881
where only fleets

416
00:17:45,881 --> 00:17:47,920
and entities sufficiently

417
00:17:47,920 --> 00:17:50,831
large to have their own
infrastructure can participate.

418
00:17:50,831 --> 00:17:53,590
Shared public infrastructure,
we believe is really

419
00:17:53,590 --> 00:17:57,251
a future to make this
accessible to small businesses,

420
00:17:57,251 --> 00:17:59,935
as well as to all people.

421
00:17:59,935 --> 00:18:01,810
And we need to be
looking at solutions.

422
00:18:01,810 --> 00:18:03,596
Both for parked vehicles

423
00:18:03,596 --> 00:18:06,221
as well as those
running in urban areas,

424
00:18:06,221 --> 00:18:08,111
as well as those operating

425
00:18:08,111 --> 00:18:10,031
on the highways and for longer-term.

426
00:18:10,031 --> 00:18:11,830
And we need to look
to a future of

427
00:18:11,830 --> 00:18:13,901
what are the
vehicle use scenarios.

428
00:18:13,901 --> 00:18:16,150
Today, our passenger vehicles

429
00:18:16,150 --> 00:18:18,670
sit parked 
80 to 90 percent of the time.

430
00:18:18,670 --> 00:18:20,620
But what's the future?
We want to ensure that

431
00:18:20,620 --> 00:18:21,760
electric systems and

432
00:18:21,760 --> 00:18:24,415
charging systems have
that future in mind.

433
00:18:24,415 --> 00:18:26,620
Alright, last point
on this slide,

434
00:18:26,620 --> 00:18:28,270
and I promise you
the next slides

435
00:18:28,270 --> 00:18:29,351
will go quicker.

436
00:18:29,351 --> 00:18:31,301
But I think these were all
important perspectives

437
00:18:31,301 --> 00:18:32,980
that we at ASPIRE

438
00:18:32,980 --> 00:18:35,170
believe need to

439
00:18:35,170 --> 00:18:37,660
get ingrained in our
approach to electrification.

440
00:18:37,660 --> 00:18:39,580
So the last point
here is on the grid.

441
00:18:39,580 --> 00:18:41,486
As we look at the electric grid,

442
00:18:41,486 --> 00:18:45,615
how is it we accomplish
our goal of low cost and

443
00:18:45,615 --> 00:18:48,130
improved environmental impact

444
00:18:48,130 --> 00:18:50,906
from the perspectives
we just went through?

445
00:18:50,906 --> 00:18:53,140
And these are the points
that we've come up with.

446
00:18:53,140 --> 00:18:55,750
We need electric vehicles

447
00:18:55,750 --> 00:18:57,041
if they're going to
act as a resource to

448
00:18:57,041 --> 00:18:59,470
the electric grid, they need
to be connected to the grid.

449
00:18:59,470 --> 00:19:01,481
So, it seems obvious.

450
00:19:01,481 --> 00:19:05,231
But if it's not, there's
no electrical connection

451
00:19:05,231 --> 00:19:06,776
if we can't pass electricity,

452
00:19:06,776 --> 00:19:08,785
energy between the
vehicle and the grid,

453
00:19:08,785 --> 00:19:12,655
or vice versa, then it's
not much of a resource.

454
00:19:12,655 --> 00:19:14,681
So the challenge here
is that if you only

455
00:19:14,681 --> 00:19:18,070
plug-in during certain hours
and you're never plugged in otherwise,

456
00:19:18,070 --> 00:19:20,305
or you're not connected in any other way,

457
00:19:20,305 --> 00:19:23,125
there's limited opportunity
to be that resource.

458
00:19:23,125 --> 00:19:25,450
We're also looking for flexibility,

459
00:19:25,450 --> 00:19:29,350
this on-demand model, the existing gas

460
00:19:29,350 --> 00:19:32,980
station model that we operate on.

461
00:19:32,980 --> 00:19:34,240
We assume that we carry

462
00:19:34,240 --> 00:19:35,500
the energy that we need on the vehicle,

463
00:19:35,500 --> 00:19:37,061
in gasoline or diesel.

464
00:19:37,061 --> 00:19:39,926
And when we need to refuel,
we don't give any warning.

465
00:19:39,926 --> 00:19:41,666
We show up where we
want to show up

466
00:19:41,666 --> 00:19:43,661
and we fuel very quickly.

467
00:19:43,661 --> 00:19:45,371
We want it done in a few minutes

468
00:19:45,371 --> 00:19:47,365
and then we're back out.

469
00:19:47,365 --> 00:19:49,181
So we need more flexible,

470
00:19:49,181 --> 00:19:52,420
more predictable, and more
managed capabilities

471
00:19:52,420 --> 00:19:54,775
if we're really going to
create this resource.

472
00:19:54,775 --> 00:19:58,166
If we continue with
this kind of on-demand model,

473
00:19:58,166 --> 00:20:00,025
that's a disturbance to the grid.

474
00:20:00,025 --> 00:20:03,731
And that means that
it's difficult to have

475
00:20:03,731 --> 00:20:06,941
renewable sources supplying
such peak loading

476
00:20:06,941 --> 00:20:09,205
and it really drives cost up.

477
00:20:09,205 --> 00:20:10,990
Alright, so those are,

478
00:20:10,990 --> 00:20:13,660
it's essence of what
we feel is important.

479
00:20:13,660 --> 00:20:16,330
And so, essentially the remainder of

480
00:20:16,330 --> 00:20:19,990
my presentation will highlight
a few more details on,

481
00:20:19,990 --> 00:20:22,901
on kind of why the status
quo is a challenge and

482
00:20:22,901 --> 00:20:24,040
then little bit of detail on

483
00:20:24,040 --> 00:20:25,871
ASPIRE and what we're
doing about this.

484
00:20:25,871 --> 00:20:28,571
And then we'll give
some time for questions.

485
00:20:28,571 --> 00:20:30,401
Alright, so let's start with with

486
00:20:30,401 --> 00:20:34,810
the status quo approach of the gas tank,

487
00:20:34,810 --> 00:20:37,135
gas station model as I put it.

488
00:20:37,135 --> 00:20:39,625
This is an on-demand model.

489
00:20:39,625 --> 00:20:42,131
And particularly for

490
00:20:42,131 --> 00:20:43,601
fleet vehicles,
for those who don't

491
00:20:43,601 --> 00:20:45,010
have charging at home or charging

492
00:20:45,010 --> 00:20:47,201
at work and those going on
long haul trips.

493
00:20:47,201 --> 00:20:49,091
The default,

494
00:20:49,091 --> 00:20:50,951
the status quo right now
is that we'll need

495
00:20:50,951 --> 00:20:52,105
electric vehicles to act like

496
00:20:52,105 --> 00:20:54,191
gasoline vehicles or
diesel vehicles.

497
00:20:54,191 --> 00:20:56,020
And that is, we show up
when we want and

498
00:20:56,020 --> 00:20:56,350
we're going to get

499
00:20:56,350 --> 00:20:59,351
a very fast charge and
then we keep driving.

500
00:20:59,351 --> 00:21:01,240
And this is today often

501
00:21:01,240 --> 00:21:02,981
called extreme fast charging, meaning

502
00:21:02,981 --> 00:21:04,330
we'd like to charge, you know,

503
00:21:04,330 --> 00:21:06,070
not even in 30 or 45 minutes,

504
00:21:06,070 --> 00:21:09,101
but we would prefer
to charge in 15,

505
00:21:09,101 --> 00:21:13,060
10 or maybe even as little
as five minutes. To do so,

506
00:21:13,060 --> 00:21:14,350
depending on the vehicle type and the

507
00:21:14,350 --> 00:21:17,111
miles per kilowatt hour of that vehicle,

508
00:21:17,111 --> 00:21:19,811
we're talking hundreds
of kilowatts to megawatts

509
00:21:19,811 --> 00:21:22,076
to achieve these
fast charging rates.

510
00:21:22,076 --> 00:21:24,401
And we're getting close
to that capability

511
00:21:24,401 --> 00:21:25,901
with some of the
chargers that are out

512
00:21:25,901 --> 00:21:27,896
there now for the
light duty vehicles.

513
00:21:27,896 --> 00:21:30,970
The main target here is the
ability to have reduced

514
00:21:30,970 --> 00:21:32,740
battery size so you can fast charge

515
00:21:32,740 --> 00:21:34,781
a smaller battery, costs less,

516
00:21:34,781 --> 00:21:36,670
and now your smaller
battery works for

517
00:21:36,670 --> 00:21:38,381
most of you are driving and
when you do your long haul

518
00:21:38,381 --> 00:21:42,716
trip, you do a real fast charge
and that all works out.

519
00:21:42,716 --> 00:21:44,501
Here I'm showing an image from

520
00:21:44,501 --> 00:21:46,330
Idaho National Laboratory
where they really

521
00:21:46,330 --> 00:21:50,051
did an analysis of such sites
and what they might cost.

522
00:21:50,051 --> 00:21:53,351
And let's consider what the
potential implications are.

523
00:21:53,351 --> 00:21:56,441
In general, this might
be fine if you're doing

524
00:21:56,441 --> 00:21:57,941
this for occasional trips

525
00:21:57,941 --> 00:21:59,830
like I do with my electric cars.

526
00:21:59,830 --> 00:22:01,361
But what if this were

527
00:22:01,361 --> 00:22:03,311
your primary mode of operation,

528
00:22:03,311 --> 00:22:05,231
you're a fleet that runs
continuously through

529
00:22:05,231 --> 00:22:06,971
the day, or you don't have

530
00:22:06,971 --> 00:22:09,116
access to your own private parking.

531
00:22:09,116 --> 00:22:10,630
So now let's look at what would be

532
00:22:10,630 --> 00:22:12,596
the implications if
you had frequent,

533
00:22:12,596 --> 00:22:14,636
what I'll call unmanaged
fast charging.

534
00:22:14,636 --> 00:22:17,650
And you can probably tell from
the terminology I'm using,

535
00:22:17,650 --> 00:22:19,811
this isn't what we're proposing.

536
00:22:19,811 --> 00:22:21,401
And that's not, I think, what people

537
00:22:21,401 --> 00:22:23,006
are thinking.
We are imagining,

538
00:22:23,006 --> 00:22:24,130
even with fast charging,

539
00:22:24,130 --> 00:22:26,591
can we get this to
be less frequent and/or

540
00:22:26,591 --> 00:22:29,771
can we make it more
predictable and managed?

541
00:22:29,771 --> 00:22:32,275
But if you keep with
the status quo,

542
00:22:32,275 --> 00:22:34,001
these are examples of
numbers that have been

543
00:22:34,001 --> 00:22:35,740
published and even that

544
00:22:35,740 --> 00:22:37,511
are are in commercial operation

545
00:22:37,511 --> 00:22:39,356
today. What will this cost?

546
00:22:39,356 --> 00:22:41,830
Well, the charging costs we
usually think about. This is

547
00:22:41,830 --> 00:22:45,191
what you'll be charged
at, or billed at the,

548
00:22:45,191 --> 00:22:46,735
the charging station.

549
00:22:46,735 --> 00:22:48,610
This cost has built into it,

550
00:22:48,610 --> 00:22:49,990
the peak demand charge

551
00:22:49,990 --> 00:22:51,251
that you're pulling
from the utility has

552
00:22:51,251 --> 00:22:53,741
built into it the infrastructure,

553
00:22:53,741 --> 00:22:55,960
upgrade cost of the utility,

554
00:22:55,960 --> 00:22:57,670
as well as the actual charger,

555
00:22:57,670 --> 00:23:00,160
the construction to
build the charger,

556
00:23:00,160 --> 00:23:01,735
running the conduit,

557
00:23:01,735 --> 00:23:03,776
making the grid
connection, the meter.

558
00:23:03,776 --> 00:23:06,745
All of these various costs
get lumped into

559
00:23:06,745 --> 00:23:09,941
your charging costs.
And today,

560
00:23:09,941 --> 00:23:11,560
that's in the
ballpark of $0.30

561
00:23:11,560 --> 00:23:13,345
or more per kilowatt hour,

562
00:23:13,345 --> 00:23:15,370
depending on your vehicle time.

563
00:23:15,370 --> 00:23:18,370
And it comes out to
these numbers, you know,

564
00:23:18,370 --> 00:23:20,860
$0.08 or even $0.16
a mile for a sedan,

565
00:23:20,860 --> 00:23:23,650
and even close to a dollar
a mile for a semi-truck.

566
00:23:23,650 --> 00:23:25,601
Again, those costs, they're on

567
00:23:25,601 --> 00:23:28,361
par with the gasoline and diesel.

568
00:23:28,361 --> 00:23:31,451
Maybe not a show stopper if
you're doing it infrequently.

569
00:23:31,451 --> 00:23:33,626
But a real challenge in
shifting to electric

570
00:23:33,626 --> 00:23:36,206
if these are going to be
your normal operating costs.

571
00:23:36,206 --> 00:23:37,150
And so that's one of

572
00:23:37,150 --> 00:23:38,486
the challenges we're
looking to address.

573
00:23:38,486 --> 00:23:40,960
I'd also like to highlight that
those aren't the only costs.

574
00:23:40,960 --> 00:23:43,256
Another major challenge
here is the battery cost.

575
00:23:43,256 --> 00:23:45,911
There's a large battery
pack on your vehicle.

576
00:23:45,911 --> 00:23:49,271
Even with reduced battery
size with this fast charging,

577
00:23:49,271 --> 00:23:50,441
you're still needing

578
00:23:50,441 --> 00:23:52,871
hundreds of miles of range.

579
00:23:52,871 --> 00:23:54,851
Now as we fast charge
that battery pack,

580
00:23:54,851 --> 00:23:56,200
depending on the cost and

581
00:23:56,200 --> 00:23:58,616
cooling management
that went into it,

582
00:23:58,616 --> 00:24:01,180
it's very likely that
that battery pack is

583
00:24:01,180 --> 00:24:02,261
going to have degradation

584
00:24:02,261 --> 00:24:04,420
with high-powered charging.

585
00:24:04,420 --> 00:24:08,591
And now with frequent
fast charging,

586
00:24:08,591 --> 00:24:10,136
that cost of the battery pack,

587
00:24:10,136 --> 00:24:12,400
maybe on the order of $0.05, $0.10,

588
00:24:12,400 --> 00:24:14,756
even $0.15 a mile

589
00:24:14,756 --> 00:24:17,695
for the degradation
impact on that battery pack.

590
00:24:17,695 --> 00:24:19,061
And then the last one that

591
00:24:19,061 --> 00:24:20,141
we don't often think through,

592
00:24:20,141 --> 00:24:21,836
but I mentioned earlier,

593
00:24:21,836 --> 00:24:25,660
semi-truck tractor
trailer combination.

594
00:24:25,660 --> 00:24:29,725
They live on revenue from
the freight that they take.

595
00:24:29,725 --> 00:24:32,920
If your battery pack
is 20,000 pounds,

596
00:24:32,920 --> 00:24:36,040
that's a significant
cut into your revenue.

597
00:24:36,040 --> 00:24:37,451
And so you should also be accounting

598
00:24:37,451 --> 00:24:40,436
for the implications of the
weight of the battery pack.

599
00:24:40,436 --> 00:24:42,851
Alright now not to say here
that the electrification

600
00:24:42,851 --> 00:24:45,761
is a show stopper or
costs are too high.

601
00:24:45,761 --> 00:24:47,621
But that all of
these numbers can go

602
00:24:47,621 --> 00:24:49,451
down if we're careful
about the way that

603
00:24:49,451 --> 00:24:51,071
the charging systems
and infrastructure

604
00:24:51,071 --> 00:24:53,065
are implemented and managed.

605
00:24:53,065 --> 00:24:54,580
The charging costs could be ten

606
00:24:54,580 --> 00:24:56,320
times lower than what's listed here

607
00:24:56,320 --> 00:25:00,266
if we can get close to
bulk rates and act as a

608
00:25:00,266 --> 00:25:02,080
resource and then the near

609
00:25:02,080 --> 00:25:05,065
constant demand and
load for the utility.

610
00:25:05,065 --> 00:25:06,805
And these battery
costs and weight costs will

611
00:25:06,805 --> 00:25:08,231
go down significantly if we

612
00:25:08,231 --> 00:25:11,816
treat the batteries better
and have less weight.

613
00:25:11,816 --> 00:25:14,501
There are multiple technologies
that were investigating.

614
00:25:14,501 --> 00:25:16,555
The fast charging is
certainly one of them.

615
00:25:16,555 --> 00:25:19,211
And we're looking at ways to
minimize how often that's

616
00:25:19,211 --> 00:25:23,351
required and bring the cost
down for that fast charging.

617
00:25:23,351 --> 00:25:26,171
Another technology that
we're pursuing here

618
00:25:26,171 --> 00:25:29,005
within the ASPIRE center and
with many other partners,

619
00:25:29,005 --> 00:25:31,361
is the opportunity
to, what we call,

620
00:25:31,361 --> 00:25:34,030
dynamic charge, provide dynamic
charging the vehicle,

621
00:25:34,030 --> 00:25:35,320
meaning we charge the vehicle

622
00:25:35,320 --> 00:25:37,076
while it's actually in motion.

623
00:25:37,076 --> 00:25:39,190
This can be done queuing up for

624
00:25:39,190 --> 00:25:41,786
taxi stalls, could
be done, you know,

625
00:25:41,786 --> 00:25:44,531
when you're 
pulling up to load and

626
00:25:44,531 --> 00:25:47,350
unload at low speeds in
and out of the ports

627
00:25:47,350 --> 00:25:50,020
or could even be done as
shown here in this diagram

628
00:25:50,020 --> 00:25:51,731
with heavy duty vehicles

629
00:25:51,731 --> 00:25:53,995
all the way down to
light duty sedans

630
00:25:53,995 --> 00:25:55,930
on our highways.

631
00:25:55,930 --> 00:25:57,610
The motivation for this is what

632
00:25:57,610 --> 00:25:59,545
we just talked about
in the last slide.

633
00:25:59,545 --> 00:26:01,690
Can we shift away from

634
00:26:01,690 --> 00:26:03,670
the large battery
packs on vehicle

635
00:26:03,670 --> 00:26:05,591
that charge occasionally every

636
00:26:05,591 --> 00:26:08,065
couple hundred or few hundred miles

637
00:26:08,065 --> 00:26:10,331
and carry that load
around and have

638
00:26:10,331 --> 00:26:13,000
the degradation and have the
fast charging implications

639
00:26:13,000 --> 00:26:14,291
on the battery and the fast

640
00:26:14,291 --> 00:26:16,211
charging implications on the grid?

641
00:26:16,211 --> 00:26:18,490
Instead, could we provide

642
00:26:18,490 --> 00:26:20,276
more continuous
power to the vehicle?

643
00:26:20,276 --> 00:26:21,850
If that's a possibility,

644
00:26:21,850 --> 00:26:24,431
that means that the batteries
will be treated better,

645
00:26:24,431 --> 00:26:28,511
it means that the grid has
lower peak charging -

646
00:26:28,511 --> 00:26:30,310
a number of potential advantages here

647
00:26:30,310 --> 00:26:32,845
that could bring the overall cost down.

648
00:26:32,845 --> 00:26:34,450
And a major challenge will be,

649
00:26:34,450 --> 00:26:35,530
how do we implement this cost

650
00:26:35,530 --> 00:26:38,545
effectively in the infrastructure?

651
00:26:38,545 --> 00:26:40,271
One of those approaches,

652
00:26:40,271 --> 00:26:43,090
we can do this with either
conductive, meaning wires that

653
00:26:43,090 --> 00:26:46,166
we connect to overhead or
wires down in the ground.

654
00:26:46,166 --> 00:26:47,920
Like you might have in a subway or

655
00:26:47,920 --> 00:26:49,871
overhead like you'd have in a train or some of

656
00:26:49,871 --> 00:26:51,160
the bus systems in

657
00:26:51,160 --> 00:26:53,711
the cities, or it can
also be done wirelessly.

658
00:26:53,711 --> 00:26:55,810
And the picture I'm showing
here is an example of

659
00:26:55,810 --> 00:27:00,490
wirelessly charging or
providing power to a vehicle.

660
00:27:00,490 --> 00:27:02,681
These concepts can also
be bi-directional.

661
00:27:02,681 --> 00:27:04,091
Vehicles could provide power back

662
00:27:04,091 --> 00:27:05,680
to the grid even through this.

663
00:27:05,680 --> 00:27:07,420
So the basic, so we just want to

664
00:27:07,420 --> 00:27:08,696
look through how this works.

665
00:27:08,696 --> 00:27:10,150
The basic idea is one,

666
00:27:10,150 --> 00:27:13,375
we have roadside equipment that
connects to utility,

667
00:27:13,375 --> 00:27:14,921
distributes power and now

668
00:27:14,921 --> 00:27:16,255
the power to actually distribute

669
00:27:16,255 --> 00:27:17,770
potentially even through

670
00:27:17,770 --> 00:27:19,496
the roadway, we're
above the roadway.

671
00:27:19,496 --> 00:27:20,770
Here in this wireless version

672
00:27:20,770 --> 00:27:22,316
that distributes in the roadway,

673
00:27:22,316 --> 00:27:24,310
the upper pavement
would look just like

674
00:27:24,310 --> 00:27:25,751
any standard pavement in a road,

675
00:27:25,751 --> 00:27:27,445
any vehicle could operate on it.

676
00:27:27,445 --> 00:27:28,810
But when you have a compatible

677
00:27:28,810 --> 00:27:31,511
electric wirelessly
charging vehicle,

678
00:27:31,511 --> 00:27:34,435
this roadside unit would
communicate with the vehicle,

679
00:27:34,435 --> 00:27:38,170
coordinate the billing and secure IDs

680
00:27:38,170 --> 00:27:40,600
and then as the charging pads on

681
00:27:40,600 --> 00:27:41,801
the vehicle come over

682
00:27:41,801 --> 00:27:44,185
the charging pads on the road, it 
would receive power.

683
00:27:44,185 --> 00:27:46,270
As I mentioned, one
of the big costs for

684
00:27:46,270 --> 00:27:49,360
these high power charging stations
is the grid connection,

685
00:27:49,360 --> 00:27:52,345
the meter, the construction
going to that unit.

686
00:27:52,345 --> 00:27:54,461
An advantage of a
solution like this is

687
00:27:54,461 --> 00:27:55,601
it can be done at scale.

688
00:27:55,601 --> 00:27:57,520
We can have a single roadside

689
00:27:57,520 --> 00:27:59,725
piece and grid connection.

690
00:27:59,725 --> 00:28:04,181
It can operate at even the
tens of megawatts level

691
00:28:04,181 --> 00:28:08,051
and it would have
a single interface for,

692
00:28:08,051 --> 00:28:09,806
let's say, a mile of road.

693
00:28:09,806 --> 00:28:13,016
And so it allows a
great economy of scale.

694
00:28:13,016 --> 00:28:14,830
Alright, so from
the roadside unit,

695
00:28:14,830 --> 00:28:17,171
it distributes power
to roadside coils,

696
00:28:17,171 --> 00:28:20,051
for example, I'm showing
them here as a coil of wire.

697
00:28:20,051 --> 00:28:22,000
This would be what we
call inductive charging.

698
00:28:22,000 --> 00:28:23,320
We also have solutions in

699
00:28:23,320 --> 00:28:25,211
development that would
use plates that would be

700
00:28:25,211 --> 00:28:28,811
what we call capacitive or
electric field charging.

701
00:28:28,811 --> 00:28:31,031
So these operate with
what we call pair

702
00:28:31,031 --> 00:28:33,400
electronics and they
power up the road

703
00:28:33,400 --> 00:28:36,070
and transfer energy to

704
00:28:36,070 --> 00:28:38,186
the receiving coils
on the vehicle.

705
00:28:38,186 --> 00:28:41,231
The vehicle side 
has the receiving units.

706
00:28:41,231 --> 00:28:43,151
They receive that energy

707
00:28:43,151 --> 00:28:44,831
and then transfer it to the battery.

708
00:28:44,831 --> 00:28:46,300
This can be done safely,

709
00:28:46,300 --> 00:28:48,791
there's an existing standard for
low-power wireless charging,

710
00:28:48,791 --> 00:28:50,621
that is becoming
available soon,

711
00:28:50,621 --> 00:28:53,050
even on light duty vehicles

712
00:28:53,050 --> 00:28:55,150
and there are standards
in place and in

713
00:28:55,150 --> 00:28:57,250
discussion for heavy duty and

714
00:28:57,250 --> 00:29:00,416
then potentially 
hyperdynamic charging.

715
00:29:00,416 --> 00:29:02,560
Magnetic fields are

716
00:29:02,560 --> 00:29:05,875
well contained and coupled
between the road and vehicle.

717
00:29:05,875 --> 00:29:08,411
And anytime that you're outside

718
00:29:08,411 --> 00:29:11,636
of coupling between the
two coils

719
00:29:11,636 --> 00:29:13,435
from the vehicle and the road,

720
00:29:13,435 --> 00:29:16,000
there's essentially no
field, so it's safe.

721
00:29:16,000 --> 00:29:18,250
There are no contacts outside,

722
00:29:18,250 --> 00:29:20,141
so there's no
electric shock hazard

723
00:29:20,141 --> 00:29:22,960
for anyone walking on
the road at present.

724
00:29:22,960 --> 00:29:25,061
So this is an example system.

725
00:29:25,061 --> 00:29:26,261
One of those technologies
we're looking at

726
00:29:26,261 --> 00:29:29,305
that could be a real game changer

727
00:29:29,305 --> 00:29:32,666
in terms of overall costs.
I mentioned earlier,

728
00:29:32,666 --> 00:29:34,961
the cost of
over $100 thousand

729
00:29:34,961 --> 00:29:38,140
for the battery pack alone
for a heavy-duty truck.

730
00:29:38,140 --> 00:29:39,791
We talked about the light,

731
00:29:39,791 --> 00:29:41,471
small light-duty car, $30,000 to $50,000

732
00:29:41,471 --> 00:29:45,371
today for 
300 mile sedan.

733
00:29:45,371 --> 00:29:49,120
But can you imagine
the implications

734
00:29:49,120 --> 00:29:53,276
for both accessibility to
transportation as well as cost

735
00:29:53,276 --> 00:29:55,181
if we could have, you know,

736
00:29:55,181 --> 00:29:57,461
$10,000 to $15,000 vehicles

737
00:29:57,461 --> 00:30:02,640
that can drive around
town with a let's say

738
00:30:02,640 --> 00:30:03,961
40 to 50 mile range on

739
00:30:03,961 --> 00:30:05,361
normal roads, but could

740
00:30:05,361 --> 00:30:06,781
get on electric highways like

741
00:30:06,781 --> 00:30:08,670
our interstate highway and drive

742
00:30:08,670 --> 00:30:11,685
nonstop from LA to New York

743
00:30:11,685 --> 00:30:14,445
with this relatively
low cost vehicle

744
00:30:14,445 --> 00:30:16,981
and relatively
low-power charging.

745
00:30:16,981 --> 00:30:19,800
So we see some real
opportunities here.

746
00:30:19,800 --> 00:30:23,160
Big implications, battery,
it's battery friendly.

747
00:30:23,160 --> 00:30:25,201
Main idea here is
that we charge

748
00:30:25,201 --> 00:30:28,185
the battery at lower power
rates and more continuously,

749
00:30:28,185 --> 00:30:29,310
instead of these short,

750
00:30:29,310 --> 00:30:32,326
high-powered pulses.
It's good for the grid.

751
00:30:32,326 --> 00:30:33,901
A number of implications here.

752
00:30:33,901 --> 00:30:35,910
First is that the vehicles are,

753
00:30:35,910 --> 00:30:37,861
are more continuously,
in this case,

754
00:30:37,861 --> 00:30:41,270
connected, connected wirelessly
to the grid.

755
00:30:41,270 --> 00:30:43,885
So that means the vehicles
can be more of a resource

756
00:30:43,885 --> 00:30:47,216
because vehicles will still have
some range on board.

757
00:30:47,216 --> 00:30:49,960
And so the electric
grid and management of

758
00:30:49,960 --> 00:30:51,311
the system could make

759
00:30:51,311 --> 00:30:53,890
decisions and coordinate
with the vehicle and say,

760
00:30:53,890 --> 00:30:56,170
Okay, I'll let you
charge in two miles

761
00:30:56,170 --> 00:30:58,661
or I'll let you charge in five miles.

762
00:30:58,661 --> 00:31:01,766
And now what we did is we
have a moving electric load.

763
00:31:01,766 --> 00:31:03,370
And so the grid can
actually use that

764
00:31:03,370 --> 00:31:05,050
to balance out loading and

765
00:31:05,050 --> 00:31:07,271
provide good services throughout

766
00:31:07,271 --> 00:31:09,565
and especially urban regions.

767
00:31:09,565 --> 00:31:12,761
It's also shared.
This infrastructure

768
00:31:12,761 --> 00:31:15,685
could be shared both light,
medium, and heavy duty.

769
00:31:15,685 --> 00:31:19,360
We envision this through
a modular approach.

770
00:31:19,360 --> 00:31:23,471
So that's a real opportunity

771
00:31:23,471 --> 00:31:27,986
for increasing utilization
and in decreasing cost.

772
00:31:27,986 --> 00:31:29,681
It's also long life.

773
00:31:29,681 --> 00:31:31,270
The battery packs on vehicle are

774
00:31:31,270 --> 00:31:32,951
a challenge because those

775
00:31:32,951 --> 00:31:36,641
battery packs are likely
ten years or less lifetime.

776
00:31:36,641 --> 00:31:37,990
And for fleet vehicles,

777
00:31:37,990 --> 00:31:40,345
those battery packs might even
be less than five years.

778
00:31:40,345 --> 00:31:42,460
What we're essentially doing
here is we're trading off

779
00:31:42,460 --> 00:31:44,381
vehicle cost for
infrastructure cost.

780
00:31:44,381 --> 00:31:46,690
And by shifting that cost
to the infrastructure,

781
00:31:46,690 --> 00:31:49,690
we believe it can be done
quite more cost-effectively,

782
00:31:49,690 --> 00:31:52,060
now with long life
infrastructure, you know,

783
00:31:52,060 --> 00:31:53,170
20 to 40 year life

784
00:31:53,170 --> 00:31:56,651
infrastructure instead of
short life battery packs.

785
00:31:56,651 --> 00:31:57,760
And then finally, I'll highlight

786
00:31:57,760 --> 00:31:58,780
that this can be done at scale.

787
00:31:58,780 --> 00:32:00,130
I mentioned that for kind of

788
00:32:00,130 --> 00:32:01,976
a single grid
connection per mile.

789
00:32:01,976 --> 00:32:04,631
But now we can also envision
what would it be if

790
00:32:04,631 --> 00:32:07,241
we had private-public partnerships.

791
00:32:07,241 --> 00:32:10,405
But we have, we have some
partnership that allows

792
00:32:10,405 --> 00:32:13,510
major highways and
corridors coming

793
00:32:13,510 --> 00:32:17,110
around cities, even
crossing states,

794
00:32:17,110 --> 00:32:19,750
now could become one of

795
00:32:19,750 --> 00:32:22,721
the largest customers to

796
00:32:22,721 --> 00:32:25,961
the utility in that
region or in that state.

797
00:32:25,961 --> 00:32:28,630
So if we have a highway
going through a state

798
00:32:28,630 --> 00:32:32,561
that takes up
50 miles, 80 miles

799
00:32:32,561 --> 00:32:34,556
but it could be a single operator

800
00:32:34,556 --> 00:32:37,300
running that,
operating that highway

801
00:32:37,300 --> 00:32:40,930
that's now a many
hundreds of megawatt

802
00:32:40,930 --> 00:32:43,360
customer to the electric utility.

803
00:32:43,360 --> 00:32:45,101
Now there's some
real opportunity for

804
00:32:45,101 --> 00:32:47,320
scale, both for management,
and loading on that grid,

805
00:32:47,320 --> 00:32:49,451
but also for negotiating the rates.

806
00:32:49,451 --> 00:32:51,925
This could really bring
costs down compared to

807
00:32:51,925 --> 00:32:53,440
every gas station doing

808
00:32:53,440 --> 00:32:56,156
independent installations
and negotiations.

809
00:32:56,156 --> 00:32:58,690
Alright, so that's
a pitch for one of

810
00:32:58,690 --> 00:33:01,660
these technologies that could
make a real difference.

811
00:33:01,660 --> 00:33:02,711
And I'll give one

812
00:33:02,711 --> 00:33:04,886
last highlight to some
of the studies we've done.

813
00:33:04,886 --> 00:33:07,001
This portion of
the study looks at

814
00:33:07,001 --> 00:33:10,390
aspects of, what if we
had dynamic charging?

815
00:33:10,390 --> 00:33:13,000
If we could charge vehicles
partially while they're on

816
00:33:13,000 --> 00:33:15,956
the go and partially when
they're parked and stopped,

817
00:33:15,956 --> 00:33:19,000
we'd love to see a combination
of these technologies.

818
00:33:19,000 --> 00:33:20,560
What would be the implications?

819
00:33:20,560 --> 00:33:21,865
What are the power demands?

820
00:33:21,865 --> 00:33:23,981
What are the demands through the day?

821
00:33:23,981 --> 00:33:26,561
What would the
implications be for cost?

822
00:33:26,561 --> 00:33:28,780
This analysis would apply to both,

823
00:33:28,780 --> 00:33:31,600
conductive
dynamic opportunities

824
00:33:31,600 --> 00:33:32,935
as well as wireless.

825
00:33:32,935 --> 00:33:34,961
And we've done multiple studies.

826
00:33:34,961 --> 00:33:36,371
Again, just a brief
highlight here from

827
00:33:36,371 --> 00:33:39,011
the study funded by the
Department of Energy,

828
00:33:39,011 --> 00:33:42,281
ARPA-E, where we evaluated

829
00:33:42,281 --> 00:33:45,731
with additional
partners through ASPIRE.

830
00:33:45,731 --> 00:33:48,251
And one of our industry
partners, AECOM,

831
00:33:48,251 --> 00:33:50,890
we evaluated Los Angeles

832
00:33:50,890 --> 00:33:52,090
and the ports there in

833
00:33:52,090 --> 00:33:53,710
LA and we looked at
multiple roads.

834
00:33:53,710 --> 00:33:55,345
You can see the ones marked here,

835
00:33:55,345 --> 00:33:59,681
the I-70 and 210 are examples.

836
00:33:59,681 --> 00:34:02,590
And we evaluated the traffic
and the loading and the power

837
00:34:02,590 --> 00:34:03,671
demands if they were shifted to

838
00:34:03,671 --> 00:34:05,410
electric, and we
looked at light duty,

839
00:34:05,410 --> 00:34:06,835
medium duty, heavy duty.

840
00:34:06,835 --> 00:34:09,505
If we were to put only one class
versus multiple classes.

841
00:34:09,505 --> 00:34:11,171
But one interesting
result we found

842
00:34:11,171 --> 00:34:12,926
if you look in the lower
right-hand section,

843
00:34:12,926 --> 00:34:16,690
we give the power demand
per time and per distance.

844
00:34:16,690 --> 00:34:18,445
It's a 3D plot here.

845
00:34:18,445 --> 00:34:21,280
This is the instantaneous
demand of those vehicles.

846
00:34:21,280 --> 00:34:22,781
So if we did full dynamic

847
00:34:22,781 --> 00:34:24,580
where we just provided
the exact amount of

848
00:34:24,580 --> 00:34:26,351
power the vehicle needed to move

849
00:34:26,351 --> 00:34:27,971
at the spot that it needed it.

850
00:34:27,971 --> 00:34:30,130
This is the demand

851
00:34:30,130 --> 00:34:33,116
you would have from trucks and the
demand you would have from cars.

852
00:34:33,116 --> 00:34:35,350
And then interesting
that if you combine those

853
00:34:35,350 --> 00:34:37,960
two and put it in the upper
plot for I-710,

854
00:34:37,960 --> 00:34:41,020
we found that the,
the mix of light,

855
00:34:41,020 --> 00:34:44,050
medium, and heavy duty as we
combine all these options,

856
00:34:44,050 --> 00:34:46,150
actually gave a
more uniform demand

857
00:34:46,150 --> 00:34:47,515
and loading throughout the day.

858
00:34:47,515 --> 00:34:49,451
Also, interestingly,
it's a more predictable,

859
00:34:49,451 --> 00:34:51,536
relatively predictable
load because

860
00:34:51,536 --> 00:34:53,021
traffic loading is

861
00:34:53,021 --> 00:34:55,630
relatively predictable and

862
00:34:55,630 --> 00:34:57,341
operating throughout the day.

863
00:34:57,341 --> 00:34:59,741
So even in and of itself,

864
00:34:59,741 --> 00:35:02,560
it provided more uniform
loading to the grid

865
00:35:02,560 --> 00:35:03,611
if we were to combine

866
00:35:03,611 --> 00:35:05,455
these vehicle classes and

867
00:35:05,455 --> 00:35:07,586
operate them with the
dynamic charging system.

868
00:35:07,586 --> 00:35:08,906
And then on top of this,

869
00:35:08,906 --> 00:35:10,825
than we would like
to apply managed,

870
00:35:10,825 --> 00:35:13,991
control capability through
communications management,

871
00:35:13,991 --> 00:35:15,641
which could further
levelize some of

872
00:35:15,641 --> 00:35:18,310
these loadings and distributions.

873
00:35:18,310 --> 00:35:19,540
And then finally, essentially as

874
00:35:19,540 --> 00:35:21,130
a last resort and
we would look to

875
00:35:21,130 --> 00:35:25,541
renewable and distributed
generation sources,

876
00:35:25,541 --> 00:35:28,131
not lastly in renewable, but lastly on

877
00:35:28,131 --> 00:35:30,461
the distributed generation
such as batteries

878
00:35:30,461 --> 00:35:33,355
and others to help
further smooth the load.

879
00:35:33,355 --> 00:35:35,410
Alright, last remark
I'll make on this is

880
00:35:35,410 --> 00:35:37,690
that one of the aspects
of the study we

881
00:35:37,690 --> 00:35:41,501
performed is techno economic
analysis and we evaluated

882
00:35:41,501 --> 00:35:42,850
the return on investment of

883
00:35:42,850 --> 00:35:45,850
a roadway operator
and found that,

884
00:35:45,850 --> 00:35:47,906
for example here on that 710,

885
00:35:47,906 --> 00:35:50,530
if we were to incorporate
and I forget the numbers

886
00:35:50,530 --> 00:35:52,930
but I think it was about
30 to 40 percent of

887
00:35:52,930 --> 00:35:55,841
the roadway would be electrified
to cover all the traffic

888
00:35:55,841 --> 00:35:59,771
demands with a reasonable
adoption curve

889
00:35:59,771 --> 00:36:01,525
over a 30-year time period,

890
00:36:01,525 --> 00:36:05,876
we found that the entire
cost of the infrastructure,

891
00:36:05,876 --> 00:36:08,066
the charging system,
the grid upgrade,

892
00:36:08,066 --> 00:36:10,376
and the installation, etc.

893
00:36:10,376 --> 00:36:11,741
as well as the cost
of the energy and

894
00:36:11,741 --> 00:36:13,240
electricity during operation,

895
00:36:13,240 --> 00:36:15,791
all of those costs could
be covered with a fee of

896
00:36:15,791 --> 00:36:18,071
roughly 25 percent
of the fuel savings

897
00:36:18,071 --> 00:36:21,145
going from diesel or
gasoline to electric,

898
00:36:21,145 --> 00:36:23,155
which is much better
than what I showed

899
00:36:23,155 --> 00:36:25,751
previously on the slides
where it showed that

900
00:36:25,751 --> 00:36:28,916
fast charging today is 
costing close to

901
00:36:28,916 --> 00:36:32,485
equal to the cost
of gasoline or diesel.

902
00:36:32,485 --> 00:36:37,946
In this case, you would have
roughly 75 percent savings.

903
00:36:37,946 --> 00:36:39,611
Alright, so that's

904
00:36:39,611 --> 00:36:42,101
a highlight for why
we're looking at a mix

905
00:36:42,101 --> 00:36:45,761
of technologies and why
we see this as some,

906
00:36:45,761 --> 00:36:47,366
some real challenges ahead to,

907
00:36:47,366 --> 00:36:48,761
to accomplish our goals.

908
00:36:48,761 --> 00:36:50,125
And so within ASPIRE,

909
00:36:50,125 --> 00:36:53,950
we are bringing together
multiple expertise from across

910
00:36:53,950 --> 00:36:55,690
disciplines in
engineering as well as

911
00:36:55,690 --> 00:36:57,926
business and policy and law,

912
00:36:57,926 --> 00:36:59,920
to really understand,
what would it take to

913
00:36:59,920 --> 00:37:01,795
make this type of
change? To be looking at

914
00:37:01,795 --> 00:37:04,240
pavements and roadways
and parking structures

915
00:37:04,240 --> 00:37:07,271
and, what are the
connections to autonomy?

916
00:37:07,271 --> 00:37:09,851
And, who will adopt? And, how
do we meet the needs of

917
00:37:09,851 --> 00:37:13,330
diverse audiences and
fleets, etc.?

918
00:37:13,330 --> 00:37:14,351
These are

919
00:37:14,351 --> 00:37:15,790
the challenges that
we're up against and

920
00:37:15,790 --> 00:37:16,750
we'd love to find

921
00:37:16,750 --> 00:37:18,460
additional opportunities
for collaboration.

922
00:37:18,460 --> 00:37:20,501
So our approach is to
look at this both from

923
00:37:20,501 --> 00:37:22,960
the consumer and
fleet perspective,

924
00:37:22,960 --> 00:37:24,700
combine that with
the charging systems

925
00:37:24,700 --> 00:37:26,440
and technology with wired and

926
00:37:26,440 --> 00:37:27,911
wireless charging systems as

927
00:37:27,911 --> 00:37:29,921
both technologies that
we're investigating,

928
00:37:29,921 --> 00:37:31,976
but with a general theme towards,

929
00:37:31,976 --> 00:37:33,896
let's bring the power
to the vehicle,

930
00:37:33,896 --> 00:37:36,190
let's charge vehicles when, where,

931
00:37:36,190 --> 00:37:37,556
and how they operate,

932
00:37:37,556 --> 00:37:39,701
rather than modifying traffic and

933
00:37:39,701 --> 00:37:42,446
operations to get vehicles
to a charging station.

934
00:37:42,446 --> 00:37:44,996
So this includes in
their parking lots, in

935
00:37:44,996 --> 00:37:49,705
the main roads and also
on our highways.

936
00:37:49,705 --> 00:37:52,300
Doing so in a way that
is synergistic with

937
00:37:52,300 --> 00:37:53,741
the needs for electric utility in

938
00:37:53,741 --> 00:37:55,556
the grid through smart charging,

939
00:37:55,556 --> 00:37:57,866
and coordination.
Then finally,

940
00:37:57,866 --> 00:38:00,550
combining this and integrating
it with planning and

941
00:38:00,550 --> 00:38:02,261
future developments in

942
00:38:02,261 --> 00:38:05,921
transportation systems
and operations.

943
00:38:05,921 --> 00:38:09,310
So ASPIRE, as we see it,

944
00:38:09,310 --> 00:38:10,811
is at the integration and intersection.

945
00:38:10,811 --> 00:38:13,511
We'd like to be a
trusted resource

946
00:38:13,511 --> 00:38:15,130
to look at the paths forward.

947
00:38:15,130 --> 00:38:18,041
And also one

948
00:38:18,041 --> 00:38:21,536
who's helping create
teams and collaboration.

949
00:38:21,536 --> 00:38:24,010
Anything that we can
do to help advance

950
00:38:24,010 --> 00:38:26,621
these themes with other partners.

951
00:38:26,621 --> 00:38:28,930
Alright, 
that's the basic pitch.

952
00:38:28,930 --> 00:38:32,320
We'd like to see this across

953
00:38:32,320 --> 00:38:35,965
modes of transit, from trains to buses,
to cars, trucks,

954
00:38:35,965 --> 00:38:38,081
integrating renewable energy,

955
00:38:38,081 --> 00:38:40,481
all of this with
smart management and

956
00:38:40,481 --> 00:38:42,911
integration of different
charging systems.

957
00:38:42,911 --> 00:38:46,466
And overall, creating a
resource for the grid,

958
00:38:46,466 --> 00:38:48,565
decreasing costs,
improving air quality.

959
00:38:48,565 --> 00:38:50,530
That's the basic
pitch. Alright,

960
00:38:50,530 --> 00:38:53,546
with that, I will conclude
here in just a few minutes.

961
00:38:53,546 --> 00:38:55,855
Let me just briefly highlight

962
00:38:55,855 --> 00:38:57,580
who we are, who we
are really within

963
00:38:57,580 --> 00:38:59,336
ASPIRE and these broad,

964
00:38:59,336 --> 00:39:02,306
big themes I've just
highlighted, what are we doing?

965
00:39:02,306 --> 00:39:04,991
So we've created what we
call umbrella projects,

966
00:39:04,991 --> 00:39:09,161
five core areas that we're
organizing our projects.

967
00:39:09,161 --> 00:39:11,051
And then we have
research thrusts so

968
00:39:11,051 --> 00:39:12,521
where we have our
core expertise,

969
00:39:12,521 --> 00:39:15,880
essentially our departments
that support those projects.

970
00:39:15,880 --> 00:39:19,465
And these will progress
and grow over time.

971
00:39:19,465 --> 00:39:21,040
Our five core projects

972
00:39:21,040 --> 00:39:23,035
are Extreme Fast Charging.

973
00:39:23,035 --> 00:39:24,731
I gave that a bit of

974
00:39:24,731 --> 00:39:26,410
a dirty name here
in the beginning,

975
00:39:26,410 --> 00:39:28,435
but that is going to be
part of the portfolio

976
00:39:28,435 --> 00:39:30,970
and we've got to find
ways to do so more cost

977
00:39:30,970 --> 00:39:33,580
effectively and with less
implications on the battery.

978
00:39:33,580 --> 00:39:35,366
That's a theme of our center.

979
00:39:35,366 --> 00:39:37,271
Pavement Integrated Systems,

980
00:39:37,271 --> 00:39:38,501
particularly if we have integrated

981
00:39:38,501 --> 00:39:39,895
wireless charging systems,

982
00:39:39,895 --> 00:39:41,635
is an ongoing theme.

983
00:39:41,635 --> 00:39:43,361
How do we do this
cost-effectively?

984
00:39:43,361 --> 00:39:44,920
How do we actually make them,

985
00:39:44,920 --> 00:39:47,666
you know, 20 to 40
year life systems?

986
00:39:47,666 --> 00:39:49,541
Smart and Secure Charge Management.

987
00:39:49,541 --> 00:39:51,806
Cybersecurity is a
major challenge here

988
00:39:51,806 --> 00:39:54,070
and the charge
management is absolutely

989
00:39:54,070 --> 00:39:57,370
critical to the implications
I just went through.

990
00:39:57,370 --> 00:39:59,080
And then finally,
how do we take these

991
00:39:59,080 --> 00:40:01,105
and create systems? But not only

992
00:40:01,105 --> 00:40:02,741
a System of Systems,

993
00:40:02,741 --> 00:40:04,691
but even Systems of
Systems that the

994
00:40:04,691 --> 00:40:06,641
combination of the
transportation networks,

995
00:40:06,641 --> 00:40:08,500
the vehicles, the fleets,

996
00:40:08,500 --> 00:40:11,966
the electric grid, and
distribution networks.

997
00:40:11,966 --> 00:40:13,030
All of this comes

998
00:40:13,030 --> 00:40:16,076
together and is
important for operation.

999
00:40:16,076 --> 00:40:18,371
And then finally, we
have a major project

1000
00:40:18,371 --> 00:40:20,816
oriented around Market and
Workforce Development.

1001
00:40:20,816 --> 00:40:23,231
How is it we help
influence the growth and

1002
00:40:23,231 --> 00:40:26,126
informed decisions and
policy and the market?

1003
00:40:26,126 --> 00:40:28,480
And how do we develop
the workforce needed for

1004
00:40:28,480 --> 00:40:31,511
such a transformation
across this space?

1005
00:40:31,511 --> 00:40:33,745
So, those are the primary themes

1006
00:40:33,745 --> 00:40:36,251
and we have many
sub-projects in these areas.

1007
00:40:36,251 --> 00:40:39,040
And always looking for
opportunities to leverage

1008
00:40:39,040 --> 00:40:40,631
and expand what we're doing with others.

1009
00:40:40,631 --> 00:40:42,086
So please reach out.

1010
00:40:42,086 --> 00:40:44,575
Our research thrust to
support these are in

1011
00:40:44,575 --> 00:40:46,900
transportation,
adoption, power, and data.

1012
00:40:46,900 --> 00:40:49,316
I've kind of highlighted
those before.

1013
00:40:49,316 --> 00:40:50,965
These are big buckets

1014
00:40:50,965 --> 00:40:52,780
for a number of core expertise

1015
00:40:52,780 --> 00:40:54,550
that are necessary to
make all this happen.

1016
00:40:54,550 --> 00:40:56,531
And then workforce
development and

1017
00:40:56,531 --> 00:40:59,035
a real emphasis on the culture
that we're generating.

1018
00:40:59,035 --> 00:41:01,871
An inclusive approach
to these systems

1019
00:41:01,871 --> 00:41:05,231
and diversity.
Alright, who we are,

1020
00:41:05,231 --> 00:41:07,210
I'm not going to spend that
much time on this thrust,

1021
00:41:07,210 --> 00:41:08,531
but I can make these slides

1022
00:41:08,531 --> 00:41:10,511
available and we have it
here on the recording.

1023
00:41:10,511 --> 00:41:12,580
But within each of
those research thrusts,

1024
00:41:12,580 --> 00:41:15,386
we're core individuals and
each of them have expanded,

1025
00:41:15,386 --> 00:41:19,210
these slides are outdated,
on the personnel

1026
00:41:19,210 --> 00:41:21,535
but you can find more
information on our website [https://aspire.usu.edu/index].

1027
00:41:21,535 --> 00:41:24,191
We're looking at
infrastructure as well as systems

1028
00:41:24,191 --> 00:41:26,185
and how they would impact the

1029
00:41:26,185 --> 00:41:28,645
technologies I've just talked about.

1030
00:41:28,645 --> 00:41:30,280
We're looking at the
adoption, both from

1031
00:41:30,280 --> 00:41:32,620
user and societal implications to

1032
00:41:32,620 --> 00:41:35,681
policy, economy,
environmental impact.

1033
00:41:35,681 --> 00:41:37,735
We have experts in these areas

1034
00:41:37,735 --> 00:41:41,576
and many opportunities here to
expand that collaboration.

1035
00:41:41,576 --> 00:41:43,181
We have the Power Thrust,

1036
00:41:43,181 --> 00:41:44,591
everything from the batteries to

1037
00:41:44,591 --> 00:41:47,561
the electric grid
and all in between.

1038
00:41:47,561 --> 00:41:49,931
And so a number of core expertise

1039
00:41:49,931 --> 00:41:51,895
and developments in that space.

1040
00:41:51,895 --> 00:41:54,340
Then on the data side,
it's really kind of

1041
00:41:54,340 --> 00:41:56,681
the glue that holds
us all together,

1042
00:41:56,681 --> 00:41:59,171
but it's both from 
the modelling and

1043
00:41:59,171 --> 00:42:02,455
simulation on the planning side,
to the real-time operations.

1044
00:42:02,455 --> 00:42:06,685
Our data systems expertise
brings together

1045
00:42:06,685 --> 00:42:08,740
all of these components.

1046
00:42:08,740 --> 00:42:11,380
Finally, we pull these together

1047
00:42:11,380 --> 00:42:14,891
into what we call Systems
of Systems Testbeds,

1048
00:42:14,891 --> 00:42:16,181
that are ways for us vet and

1049
00:42:16,181 --> 00:42:18,400
evaluate these
technologies and concepts.

1050
00:42:18,400 --> 00:42:20,320
And each of these test
beds are pulling in

1051
00:42:20,320 --> 00:42:22,316
both expertise and talent

1052
00:42:22,316 --> 00:42:24,535
and developments from
within the center,

1053
00:42:24,535 --> 00:42:26,140
as well as our
national laboratories,

1054
00:42:26,140 --> 00:42:27,505
and our industry partners.

1055
00:42:27,505 --> 00:42:28,841
On the left-hand side, we're

1056
00:42:28,841 --> 00:42:30,790
developing what we call

1057
00:42:30,790 --> 00:42:32,411
a city, an intercity simulator,

1058
00:42:32,411 --> 00:42:34,345
this is essentially our
digital sandbox,

1059
00:42:34,345 --> 00:42:37,061
to vet and evaluate all of
these concepts together

1060
00:42:37,061 --> 00:42:38,411
and really understand that

1061
00:42:38,411 --> 00:42:40,751
we're barking at the right tree,

1062
00:42:40,751 --> 00:42:44,080
that the advancements we're pursuing
will make a difference,

1063
00:42:44,080 --> 00:42:46,496
they'll have societal
impact, they'll drive adoption.

1064
00:42:46,496 --> 00:42:48,550
That's through these 
simulation systems.

1065
00:42:48,550 --> 00:42:49,856
And then on the right-hand side,

1066
00:42:49,856 --> 00:42:51,985
we have a hardware
system for, kind of

1067
00:42:51,985 --> 00:42:53,351
pre pilot vetting and

1068
00:42:53,351 --> 00:42:55,390
development in a
controlled environment.

1069
00:42:55,390 --> 00:42:58,346
And this is the test track
at Utah State University,

1070
00:42:58,346 --> 00:43:00,401
We have a quarter mile test
track, that

1071
00:43:00,401 --> 00:43:02,351
is what we call the Electric
Vehicle and Roadway Facility,

1072
00:43:02,351 --> 00:43:04,810
EVR, we have 
solar power,

1073
00:43:04,810 --> 00:43:05,890
we have energy storage,

1074
00:43:05,890 --> 00:43:08,591
we have a high power
utility service.

1075
00:43:08,591 --> 00:43:10,361
We have everything
available here to look at

1076
00:43:10,361 --> 00:43:12,626
both wireless
technologies and wired.

1077
00:43:12,626 --> 00:43:14,501
We have vehicles

1078
00:43:14,501 --> 00:43:17,576
from light sedans, to an SUV,
to a bus.

1079
00:43:17,576 --> 00:43:20,260
And now we're expanding
to semi-trucks.

1080
00:43:20,260 --> 00:43:23,591
We have an expansion to that
facility currently planned.

1081
00:43:23,591 --> 00:43:25,960
We hope to have a groundbreaking

1082
00:43:25,960 --> 00:43:28,360
this year and the
ribbon-cutting next year.

1083
00:43:28,360 --> 00:43:31,586
This will be an expanded
version of the EVR facility.

1084
00:43:31,586 --> 00:43:35,571
It will essentially allow us to the
host larger groups and more,

1085
00:43:35,571 --> 00:43:37,165
more interactive activity and

1086
00:43:37,165 --> 00:43:39,251
more vehicles, larger vehicles.

1087
00:43:39,251 --> 00:43:41,440
So really looking forward
to that expansion

1088
00:43:41,440 --> 00:43:43,436
as a headquarters
here for ASPIRE.

1089
00:43:43,436 --> 00:43:44,920
The ASPIRE center, headquartered at

1090
00:43:44,920 --> 00:43:46,360
Utah State here in Utah.

1091
00:43:46,360 --> 00:43:47,531
We have core partners,

1092
00:43:47,531 --> 00:43:49,271
the University of Colorado, 
The University of Texas at El Paso,

1093
00:43:49,271 --> 00:43:52,541
Purdue University,
and University of Auckland.

1094
00:43:52,541 --> 00:43:54,431
And then we have
affiliated campuses with

1095
00:43:54,431 --> 00:43:56,471
additional core expertise,
faculty we've known

1096
00:43:56,471 --> 00:44:00,640
for a long time and are core
contributors to the center,

1097
00:44:00,640 --> 00:44:03,581
Colorado State, 
University of Colorado Colorado Springs,

1098
00:44:03,581 --> 00:44:04,915
Cornell, and Virginia Tech.

1099
00:44:04,915 --> 00:44:06,926
And that is expanding.

1100
00:44:06,926 --> 00:44:09,926
We're certainly open to
expanding our affiliated campuses.

1101
00:44:09,926 --> 00:44:11,651
We have four national labs
that we're actively

1102
00:44:11,651 --> 00:44:13,765
collaborating with
within the center.

1103
00:44:13,765 --> 00:44:16,630
And then we have industry
and innovation partners

1104
00:44:16,630 --> 00:44:19,571
throughout the nation
and some worldwide.

1105
00:44:19,571 --> 00:44:22,421
Our industry partners, 
the industry board today

1106
00:44:22,421 --> 00:44:25,481
is just over 55 members total.

1107
00:44:25,481 --> 00:44:27,280
That continues to grow,

1108
00:44:27,280 --> 00:44:28,901
but we're looking for the right

1109
00:44:28,901 --> 00:44:31,091
individuals, the right groups at the table

1110
00:44:31,091 --> 00:44:34,420
to help drive our vision
and plans forward.

1111
00:44:34,420 --> 00:44:36,730
Alright, now truly the
last couple of things I'll

1112
00:44:36,730 --> 00:44:38,921
say and then we'll
have time for

1113
00:44:38,921 --> 00:44:40,960
perhaps just a few questions.

1114
00:44:40,960 --> 00:44:45,341
We are advancing the technologies

1115
00:44:45,341 --> 00:44:47,275
through both the pre pilot work

1116
00:44:47,275 --> 00:44:49,136
here at the EVR as I mentioned,

1117
00:44:49,136 --> 00:44:54,251
the early pilot work
as I might pitch it,

1118
00:44:54,251 --> 00:44:57,176
public scale testing and 
demonstration, evaluation

1119
00:44:57,176 --> 00:44:59,351
of our technologies
with multiple projects.

1120
00:44:59,351 --> 00:45:01,330
I just highlighted
three of them here.

1121
00:45:01,330 --> 00:45:04,060
They're looking at Smart Charge
Management, for example,

1122
00:45:04,060 --> 00:45:06,101
across modes of
transit here in

1123
00:45:06,101 --> 00:45:07,960
Salt Lake.
A program looking

1124
00:45:07,960 --> 00:45:10,165
at wireless charging
at the Port of LA.

1125
00:45:10,165 --> 00:45:12,431
Another one looking at megawatt

1126
00:45:12,431 --> 00:45:13,991
wireless charging in Seattle,

1127
00:45:13,991 --> 00:45:15,941
with the partners you see
listed, but many

1128
00:45:15,941 --> 00:45:18,341
opportunities to really vet these early technologies.

1129
00:45:18,341 --> 00:45:20,920
And then we're in discussions
with many agencies,

1130
00:45:20,920 --> 00:45:23,020
state agencies and other partners

1131
00:45:23,020 --> 00:45:25,720
considering where will
those first pilots be?

1132
00:45:25,720 --> 00:45:27,521
Where will we actually
get beyond the,

1133
00:45:27,521 --> 00:45:29,830
the public demonstration and into

1134
00:45:29,830 --> 00:45:34,465
a real pilot in a 
less controlled environment.

1135
00:45:34,465 --> 00:45:35,950
And so that's

1136
00:45:35,950 --> 00:45:37,870
an excitement that we
have moving forward

1137
00:45:37,870 --> 00:45:38,920
and we really are looking for

1138
00:45:38,920 --> 00:45:41,335
new partnerships and
opportunities to

1139
00:45:41,335 --> 00:45:43,900
achieve rolling these
technologies out in

1140
00:45:43,900 --> 00:45:47,395
pilots across the disciplines.

1141
00:45:47,395 --> 00:45:50,230
So I think I'll conclude.

1142
00:45:50,230 --> 00:45:51,491
I just had a couple more slides

1143
00:45:51,491 --> 00:45:54,041
that highlight what some examples are,

1144
00:45:54,041 --> 00:45:56,096
pilots that we have in play,

1145
00:45:56,096 --> 00:45:58,060
we have some here
in Utah, one at

1146
00:45:58,060 --> 00:46:00,040
Inland Port that may be an

1147
00:46:00,040 --> 00:46:02,200
opportunity to vet a number of

1148
00:46:02,200 --> 00:46:04,826
these technologies together
in a realistic environment.

1149
00:46:04,826 --> 00:46:07,645
Just one of those examples
from that previous list.

1150
00:46:07,645 --> 00:46:09,866
We have community
partnership programs,

1151
00:46:09,866 --> 00:46:11,591
one funded by the Department of Energy,

1152
00:46:11,591 --> 00:46:13,676
where we're building
those partnerships

1153
00:46:13,676 --> 00:46:16,675
throughout the Intermountain West, as we call it.

1154
00:46:16,675 --> 00:46:20,350
To set the stage

1155
00:46:20,350 --> 00:46:21,910
for really rolling
these technologies

1156
00:46:21,910 --> 00:46:24,221
out as they become available.

1157
00:46:24,221 --> 00:46:25,751
But there's just so
much happening in

1158
00:46:25,751 --> 00:46:27,521
this space. I think
we all know it.

1159
00:46:27,521 --> 00:46:30,400
I hope we can find good
opportunities to work together.

1160
00:46:30,400 --> 00:46:32,291
I emphasized workforce
development.

1161
00:46:32,291 --> 00:46:34,136
We're looking at
multiple pathways

1162
00:46:34,136 --> 00:46:37,706
into the implications of
an electrified future.

1163
00:46:37,706 --> 00:46:40,076
And we're certainly interested
in the implications

1164
00:46:40,076 --> 00:46:43,121
not only at the collegiate
level and in engineering,

1165
00:46:43,121 --> 00:46:45,851
but also with our trades
and community,

1166
00:46:45,851 --> 00:46:48,191
and junior colleges.

1167
00:46:48,191 --> 00:46:50,515
We're in discussions with
some of the trades,

1168
00:46:50,515 --> 00:46:52,540
looking at the implications
for electric utility,

1169
00:46:52,540 --> 00:46:56,065
for transit agencies,
for road construction.

1170
00:46:56,065 --> 00:46:58,586
And we've really got to get
our heads into that game

1171
00:46:58,586 --> 00:47:00,656
to understand and develop

1172
00:47:00,656 --> 00:47:03,250
technologies that are
going to work and,

1173
00:47:03,250 --> 00:47:05,831
be there for everyone.

1174
00:47:05,831 --> 00:47:07,780
Last picture I'll show
just to highlight

1175
00:47:07,780 --> 00:47:10,226
that there's a group of
middle school students.

1176
00:47:10,226 --> 00:47:12,625
We had the year before COVID,

1177
00:47:12,625 --> 00:47:14,350
we were hoping to do
this last year as well,

1178
00:47:14,350 --> 00:47:15,851
but that was canceled.

1179
00:47:15,851 --> 00:47:19,420
But we had, they run
their little race cars.

1180
00:47:19,420 --> 00:47:21,371
They develop an electric car,

1181
00:47:21,371 --> 00:47:24,010
kit car, and they race to
see who'll go the longest.

1182
00:47:24,010 --> 00:47:25,810
But we retrofit one of

1183
00:47:25,810 --> 00:47:27,580
these with a wireless
charger and put a wireless

1184
00:47:27,580 --> 00:47:29,591
charging segment out on the track

1185
00:47:29,591 --> 00:47:32,020
and show that we can easily beat them

1186
00:47:32,020 --> 00:47:34,330
with longer range

1187
00:47:34,330 --> 00:47:37,166
when charging every time
we go around the track.

1188
00:47:37,166 --> 00:47:39,041
But they were very excited
and there's just a lot

1189
00:47:39,041 --> 00:47:40,826
of excitement and
interest in this space.

1190
00:47:40,826 --> 00:47:42,985
With that, I'll conclude,

1191
00:47:42,985 --> 00:47:44,351
we are excited to see

1192
00:47:44,351 --> 00:47:46,196
a future opportunity
in electrification

1193
00:47:46,196 --> 00:47:52,225
and make the world a
better place.

1194
00:47:52,225 --> 00:47:56,441
Thank you, Kelvin. 
Thank you Regan.

1195
00:47:56,441 --> 00:47:57,911
We have time for

1196
00:47:57,911 --> 00:48:01,516
questions. I'm seeing
two questions in the

1197
00:48:01,516 --> 00:48:03,265
question and answer box.

1198
00:48:03,265 --> 00:48:05,651
Let me read the questions to all of you

1199
00:48:05,651 --> 00:48:07,601
and we'll call on our presenter 
to provide the answer.

1200
00:48:07,601 --> 00:48:12,360
The first question is,

1201
00:48:12,360 --> 00:48:15,010
is there any type of

1202
00:48:15,010 --> 00:48:20,306
overhead power for semis, like how light rail is powered?

1203
00:48:20,306 --> 00:48:22,046
Absolutely.

1204
00:48:22,046 --> 00:48:23,350
Yeah, that's a great point.

1205
00:48:23,350 --> 00:48:27,836
And the comments that I made
about dynamic charging,

1206
00:48:27,836 --> 00:48:29,650
providing charge as you go, and some of

1207
00:48:29,650 --> 00:48:33,100
the advantages on the battery
and on the electric grid.

1208
00:48:33,100 --> 00:48:35,831
Those all apply equally
to the wireless

1209
00:48:35,831 --> 00:48:38,696
charging or what I'll call
wired or conductive charging.

1210
00:48:38,696 --> 00:48:41,650
And for semis, the overhead lines

1211
00:48:41,650 --> 00:48:44,921
are one in
serious consideration.

1212
00:48:44,921 --> 00:48:46,601
And in fact, there
are demonstrations.

1213
00:48:46,601 --> 00:48:47,680
There was a demonstration

1214
00:48:47,680 --> 00:48:49,210
running for a short
time at the Port of LA

1215
00:48:49,210 --> 00:48:53,276
where Siemens was
helping to lead that.

1216
00:48:53,276 --> 00:48:56,005
And there's also
an existing pilot

1217
00:48:56,005 --> 00:48:57,356
that has been running in Sweden

1218
00:48:57,356 --> 00:49:00,485
where there are multiple miles
of roadway segment with

1219
00:49:00,485 --> 00:49:02,786
the overhead line running semis

1220
00:49:02,786 --> 00:49:04,270
as a demonstration pilot

1221
00:49:04,270 --> 00:49:05,590
and I think there are
further plans,

1222
00:49:05,590 --> 00:49:07,496
maybe in Germany and
other parts of Europe.

1223
00:49:07,496 --> 00:49:11,230
So it's a 100 plus year old technology

1224
00:49:11,230 --> 00:49:14,141
that it is relatively
small modifications

1225
00:49:14,141 --> 00:49:16,330
to get working with semis.

1226
00:49:16,330 --> 00:49:18,041
So that's a real contender.

1227
00:49:18,041 --> 00:49:19,496
The challenge with that one,

1228
00:49:19,496 --> 00:49:20,980
well, a challenge, is that it

1229
00:49:20,980 --> 00:49:23,351
would be, for a
single vehicle class,

1230
00:49:23,351 --> 00:49:24,850
meaning it's difficult to get

1231
00:49:24,850 --> 00:49:26,321
that same infrastructure working

1232
00:49:26,321 --> 00:49:29,921
for medium or light duty
and, and other scenarios.

1233
00:49:29,921 --> 00:49:32,590
There are also concerns
that others have raised

1234
00:49:32,590 --> 00:49:35,711
with regard to being

1235
00:49:35,711 --> 00:49:39,280
kind of the 
environmental

1236
00:49:39,280 --> 00:49:43,360
just the visual impact
of the overhead lines.

1237
00:49:43,360 --> 00:49:44,740
But to the extent that we have,

1238
00:49:44,740 --> 00:49:48,100
let's say dedicated,
heavy duty lanes

1239
00:49:48,100 --> 00:49:51,386
that might be with heavy
utilization, high utilization.

1240
00:49:51,386 --> 00:49:52,871
That's a real opportunity.

1241
00:49:52,871 --> 00:49:57,476
So that's in the
running.

1242
00:49:57,476 --> 00:50:01,856
Thank you! 
The second question is,

1243
00:50:01,856 --> 00:50:06,640
how would the EMF of the conductive wires

1244
00:50:06,640 --> 00:50:08,560
affect the mobile devices

1245
00:50:08,560 --> 00:50:11,150
carried by the general walking public?

1246
00:50:11,701 --> 00:50:15,236
Yeah, a lot of questions
and thoughts around

1247
00:50:15,236 --> 00:50:17,020
broadening electrification and what

1248
00:50:17,020 --> 00:50:18,595
the implications are.

1249
00:50:18,595 --> 00:50:21,506
It's a great question
on mobile devices.

1250
00:50:21,506 --> 00:50:23,395
Also, of course, concerns for

1251
00:50:23,395 --> 00:50:25,225
public health.

1252
00:50:25,225 --> 00:50:28,465
And those that have
pacemakers and other,

1253
00:50:28,465 --> 00:50:30,851
other devices that are critical.

1254
00:50:30,851 --> 00:50:33,110
And so these are certainly under

1255
00:50:33,110 --> 00:50:36,521
consideration and
are being accounted for.

1256
00:50:36,521 --> 00:50:40,256
Of course, with 
general distribution,

1257
00:50:40,256 --> 00:50:41,920
getting to the roadway, etc.

1258
00:50:41,920 --> 00:50:45,161
existing standards are in
place and can be managed for

1259
00:50:45,161 --> 00:50:49,120
the low-frequency 60
Hertz or the DC lines

1260
00:50:49,120 --> 00:50:52,810
that would feed these systems.
For the wireless system,

1261
00:50:52,810 --> 00:50:56,681
which may be the emphasis after this comment,

1262
00:50:56,681 --> 00:51:00,295
for a wireless charging
system in a roadway.

1263
00:51:00,295 --> 00:51:03,790
That's where the existing standards,

1264
00:51:03,790 --> 00:51:07,060
you know ICNIRP is the standards agency that

1265
00:51:07,060 --> 00:51:08,696
is often used in this space.

1266
00:51:08,696 --> 00:51:10,750
But there are actually two
or three organizations

1267
00:51:10,750 --> 00:51:12,400
that have also run standards.

1268
00:51:12,400 --> 00:51:14,531
They've carefully evaluated and
investigated what

1269
00:51:14,531 --> 00:51:16,570
are the allowable emissions.

1270
00:51:16,570 --> 00:51:18,011
And the same standards are used

1271
00:51:18,011 --> 00:51:20,291
for deciding what's allowable for

1272
00:51:20,291 --> 00:51:21,820
your cell phone or for

1273
00:51:21,820 --> 00:51:23,231
radio towers or

1274
00:51:23,231 --> 00:51:25,795
for your microwave
oven, etc.

1275
00:51:25,795 --> 00:51:28,990
So those standards are
well in place and have

1276
00:51:28,990 --> 00:51:30,190
been applied to wireless

1277
00:51:30,190 --> 00:51:32,156
charging systems for
electric vehicles.

1278
00:51:32,156 --> 00:51:34,540
And there is a
standard now published

1279
00:51:34,540 --> 00:51:37,991
for light duty wireless
charging vehicles.

1280
00:51:37,991 --> 00:51:41,080
And it easily meets 
those safety standards.

1281
00:51:41,080 --> 00:51:44,171
So the implications are that it would

1282
00:51:44,171 --> 00:51:47,290
not affect your mobile device.
That's good to know!

1283
00:51:50,276 --> 00:51:53,871
So do you have any questions
from the audience?

1284
00:51:55,921 --> 00:51:58,750
There's one in chat.

1285
00:51:58,750 --> 00:52:06,055


1286
00:52:06,055 --> 00:52:08,951
This question is,

1287
00:52:08,951 --> 00:52:12,940
can you talk

1288
00:52:12,940 --> 00:52:13,510
a little bit more about

1289
00:52:13,510 --> 00:52:16,090
transportation infrastructure systems?

1290
00:52:16,090 --> 00:52:18,190
What aspects are you looking at and

1291
00:52:18,190 --> 00:52:22,281
what projects or pilots do you have
in the pipeline?

1292
00:52:22,621 --> 00:52:26,200
You bet. Certainly, one of

1293
00:52:26,200 --> 00:52:28,570
the more challenging aspects

1294
00:52:28,570 --> 00:52:31,811
and something that catches 
the eye and interest of many

1295
00:52:31,811 --> 00:52:34,810
as we're looking at how to accomplish this.

1296
00:52:34,810 --> 00:52:37,990
On the transportation
infrastructure side

1297
00:52:37,990 --> 00:52:40,915
and, maybe I'll give you the caveat 
on both of these points

1298
00:52:40,915 --> 00:52:43,901
that we can bring in the
core experts within

1299
00:52:43,901 --> 00:52:45,640
our team, would love
to make connections

1300
00:52:45,640 --> 00:52:47,906
for those that would like
additional follow-up.

1301
00:52:47,906 --> 00:52:50,591
And we have great leading experts

1302
00:52:50,591 --> 00:52:52,480
in each of the spaces.
On the infrastructure end,

1303
00:52:52,480 --> 00:52:58,091
we are looking
mostly at how we can

1304
00:52:58,091 --> 00:53:01,211
accomplish integration
of different aspects

1305
00:53:01,211 --> 00:53:03,911
of charging systems
in the pavements.

1306
00:53:03,911 --> 00:53:05,740
And this is not just
the wireless,

1307
00:53:05,740 --> 00:53:07,960
the wireless version that
I just highlighted is

1308
00:53:07,960 --> 00:53:11,111
pretty clear. If you
can imagine now having

1309
00:53:11,111 --> 00:53:15,280
taxi queue up areas or
short-term parking areas

1310
00:53:15,280 --> 00:53:19,780
on the road, or
having parking garage.

1311
00:53:19,780 --> 00:53:22,540
Today, having cables and connections

1312
00:53:22,540 --> 00:53:25,540
and all these user kiosks
anywhere that you have,

1313
00:53:25,540 --> 00:53:26,801
the three or four chargers.

1314
00:53:26,801 --> 00:53:28,031
But if you can imagine

1315
00:53:28,031 --> 00:53:32,291
a parking unit with
300 - 400 parking stalls and

1316
00:53:32,291 --> 00:53:35,111
let's say 50 percent or 75
percent of them are

1317
00:53:35,111 --> 00:53:38,801
electric compatible, how
that would be implemented.

1318
00:53:38,801 --> 00:53:41,470
So with the wireless solution,

1319
00:53:41,470 --> 00:53:42,865
what we're looking at is how,

1320
00:53:42,865 --> 00:53:44,426
how is it we can embed

1321
00:53:44,426 --> 00:53:46,480
the charging coils and quite

1322
00:53:46,480 --> 00:53:48,926
possibly some of the electronics

1323
00:53:48,926 --> 00:53:51,851
as well so that the
whole system is embedded

1324
00:53:51,851 --> 00:53:55,300
and has a no touch,

1325
00:53:55,300 --> 00:53:58,796
no interface
experience for the user.

1326
00:53:58,796 --> 00:54:01,690
So for that, we're looking
at how is this done in asphalt,

1327
00:54:01,690 --> 00:54:04,090
how is it done in concrete,

1328
00:54:04,090 --> 00:54:05,861
what are the thermal
cycling implications?

1329
00:54:05,861 --> 00:54:08,141
What are the stress
implications on

1330
00:54:08,141 --> 00:54:09,776
each of those payments?

1331
00:54:09,776 --> 00:54:11,710
How does it impact cracking,

1332
00:54:11,710 --> 00:54:13,811
how does it work over seasons?

1333
00:54:13,811 --> 00:54:16,030
In each case,

1334
00:54:16,030 --> 00:54:17,530
how does it affect
the construction

1335
00:54:17,530 --> 00:54:18,971
technique and the materials?

1336
00:54:18,971 --> 00:54:20,650
We're looking at
examples, for example,

1337
00:54:20,650 --> 00:54:22,181
in the concrete scenario,

1338
00:54:22,181 --> 00:54:24,701
we're looking at precast,
concrete modules

1339
00:54:24,701 --> 00:54:26,080
is a sample either for

1340
00:54:26,080 --> 00:54:27,460
parking stall or for

1341
00:54:27,460 --> 00:54:32,065
a roadway segment for
implementation in the road.

1342
00:54:32,065 --> 00:54:33,790
You know, these are
ideas and solutions

1343
00:54:33,790 --> 00:54:35,650
that could provide fast

1344
00:54:35,650 --> 00:54:37,420
construction and wouldn't

1345
00:54:37,420 --> 00:54:40,256
require additional training.

1346
00:54:40,256 --> 00:54:43,450
So you could use relatively
well-known techniques

1347
00:54:43,450 --> 00:54:46,465
for putting the roadway in.

1348
00:54:46,465 --> 00:54:47,981
So these are all
big questions and

1349
00:54:47,981 --> 00:54:49,241
what's the manufacturability?

1350
00:54:49,241 --> 00:54:51,146
What's the constructability?

1351
00:54:51,146 --> 00:54:52,810
What training
requirements are there?

1352
00:54:52,810 --> 00:54:54,700
What are the lifetime
implications?

1353
00:54:54,700 --> 00:54:57,806
So we have teams working
together with the,

1354
00:54:57,806 --> 00:54:59,980
with the electronics and
the power components,

1355
00:54:59,980 --> 00:55:02,936
with the thermal
modelling and analysis,

1356
00:55:02,936 --> 00:55:04,150
both for the power side as

1357
00:55:04,150 --> 00:55:05,861
well as for the payment itself.

1358
00:55:05,861 --> 00:55:08,381
And then of course we have
the pavement engineers

1359
00:55:08,381 --> 00:55:10,495
working on this.

1360
00:55:10,495 --> 00:55:14,320
On the transportation
systems end, Kelvin could jump in

1361
00:55:14,320 --> 00:55:17,890
and provide answers
on that one as well.

1362
00:55:17,890 --> 00:55:19,691
But in the systems aspect,

1363
00:55:19,691 --> 00:55:21,401
what we're interested in, what are

1364
00:55:21,401 --> 00:55:24,896
the implications to the
transportation planning,

1365
00:55:24,896 --> 00:55:27,250
to the networks, and

1366
00:55:27,250 --> 00:55:28,930
communication,
vehicle to vehicle,

1367
00:55:28,930 --> 00:55:30,881
vehicle to infrastructure
communications,

1368
00:55:30,881 --> 00:55:32,710
what's the synergy with autonomy,

1369
00:55:32,710 --> 00:55:37,031
with traffic lights and signal
traffic flow, etc.?

1370
00:55:37,031 --> 00:55:39,371
But how is all this going to be
combined and integrated in

1371
00:55:39,371 --> 00:55:42,011
with a seamless
charging experience?

1372
00:55:42,011 --> 00:55:43,720
How do we design

1373
00:55:43,720 --> 00:55:46,781
those systems together with
our smart charge management,

1374
00:55:46,781 --> 00:55:50,201
such that those
systems, for example,

1375
00:55:50,201 --> 00:55:51,940
would minimize our emissions,

1376
00:55:51,940 --> 00:55:54,865
would minimize cost,
would minimize travel time?

1377
00:55:54,865 --> 00:55:56,650
These are all options.

1378
00:55:56,650 --> 00:55:58,181
The holy grail of this,

1379
00:55:58,181 --> 00:56:00,325
in my view in the end is that,

1380
00:56:00,325 --> 00:56:02,560
I've got an app where I can,

1381
00:56:02,560 --> 00:56:05,695
I can say, okay, I need
to get from A to B.

1382
00:56:05,695 --> 00:56:08,050
That might be a 300 mile trip

1383
00:56:08,050 --> 00:56:10,211
and I need to be
here at that time.

1384
00:56:10,211 --> 00:56:12,191
And it tells me, okay,

1385
00:56:12,191 --> 00:56:13,661
you leave this point, costs

1386
00:56:13,661 --> 00:56:15,461
you $100.

1387
00:56:15,461 --> 00:56:17,231
You leave it this
time, it costs you $50.

1388
00:56:17,231 --> 00:56:20,155
And behind the
scenes it's integrating in

1389
00:56:20,155 --> 00:56:23,621
the implications for

1390
00:56:23,621 --> 00:56:25,031
the electric grid, it's loading

1391
00:56:25,031 --> 00:56:27,430
and the dynamics on the grid.

1392
00:56:27,430 --> 00:56:29,651
It's looking at feeding
me into the traffic and

1393
00:56:29,651 --> 00:56:33,250
guaranteeing my time on the
road to get there, etc.

1394
00:56:33,250 --> 00:56:35,170
So a lot to be done here on

1395
00:56:35,170 --> 00:56:37,151
transportation
systems that's beyond

1396
00:56:37,151 --> 00:56:38,411
the scope of ASPIRE.

1397
00:56:38,411 --> 00:56:39,881
But we really want to find

1398
00:56:39,881 --> 00:56:42,460
the right collaborators
and colleagues

1399
00:56:42,460 --> 00:56:45,401
to bring those aspects
into how we're envisioning

1400
00:56:45,401 --> 00:56:49,106
the smart charging and
management systems

1401
00:56:49,106 --> 00:56:51,371
and our charging infrastructure.

1402
00:56:51,371 --> 00:56:53,350
In terms of projects and pilots,

1403
00:56:53,350 --> 00:56:55,690
we have we have
existing projects looking at

1404
00:56:55,690 --> 00:56:58,540
subsets of some of the
pieces I've just mentioned,

1405
00:56:58,540 --> 00:57:00,731
including smart charge management,

1406
00:57:00,731 --> 00:57:03,190
utility scale charge management.

1407
00:57:03,190 --> 00:57:05,651
We have pilots or projects

1408
00:57:05,651 --> 00:57:08,141
currently running that
are here at the EVR,

1409
00:57:08,141 --> 00:57:09,461
the facility I just showed,

1410
00:57:09,461 --> 00:57:11,591
we have currently
operating demonstration.

1411
00:57:11,591 --> 00:57:13,781
We'd love to host anyone
that would like to come out.

1412
00:57:13,781 --> 00:57:16,270
But we have demonstrations
in play right now

1413
00:57:16,270 --> 00:57:18,611
with pavement integrated
charging system,

1414
00:57:18,611 --> 00:57:20,080
some that have been
in our payments for,

1415
00:57:20,080 --> 00:57:21,866
for over two years, two to three years,

1416
00:57:21,866 --> 00:57:23,606
maybe even longer by now.

1417
00:57:23,606 --> 00:57:25,930
And we have new 
projects looking at

1418
00:57:25,930 --> 00:57:28,211
new approaches to the
construction for both

1419
00:57:28,211 --> 00:57:30,431
asphalt and concrete and
those are being tested

1420
00:57:30,431 --> 00:57:33,070
at our facility among

1421
00:57:33,070 --> 00:57:33,940
our partners including

1422
00:57:33,940 --> 00:57:35,680
our international
partner in Auckland.

1423
00:57:35,680 --> 00:57:37,241
They each have sub-pieces of

1424
00:57:37,241 --> 00:57:39,536
this being tested at
their various sites.

1425
00:57:39,536 --> 00:57:41,126
And then for pilots,

1426
00:57:41,126 --> 00:57:42,551
I gave you kinda that list

1427
00:57:42,551 --> 00:57:45,116
of pilots that are
in consideration,

1428
00:57:45,116 --> 00:57:48,341
various discussions.
I'm using the word pilot

1429
00:57:48,341 --> 00:57:51,715
now for assuming a real
public demonstration.

1430
00:57:51,715 --> 00:57:54,311
It's not in a fully
controlled environment.

1431
00:57:54,311 --> 00:57:57,191
And that Inland Port is
one that we're likely to

1432
00:57:57,191 --> 00:57:59,770
be pursuing over
the next few years.

1433
00:57:59,770 --> 00:58:02,110
This is where you have
multiple container trucks,

1434
00:58:02,110 --> 00:58:04,315
about a million
per year operating

1435
00:58:04,315 --> 00:58:06,131
at the Utah Inland Port, just south of

1436
00:58:06,131 --> 00:58:08,051
Salt Lake City, south of the airport.

1437
00:58:08,051 --> 00:58:10,991
So it's a nice combination
of container handling,

1438
00:58:10,991 --> 00:58:13,541
drainage tracking,
support vehicles.

1439
00:58:13,541 --> 00:58:17,681
And so we may be applying some
of these concepts to that,

1440
00:58:17,681 --> 00:58:20,811
that environment as a pilot.

1441
00:58:22,501 --> 00:58:25,340
Do we have anymore questions?

1442
00:58:25,861 --> 00:58:32,741
Last call.
Maybe if there
are no further questions,

1443
00:58:32,741 --> 00:58:36,190
I'll just double
down on my pitch.

1444
00:58:36,190 --> 00:58:38,860
A lot of change coming
and I think this crosses

1445
00:58:38,860 --> 00:58:40,510
so many disciplines, well

1446
00:58:40,510 --> 00:58:42,685
beyond the scope of any
one of us or even any,

1447
00:58:42,685 --> 00:58:44,996
any of our teams or
groups or centers.

1448
00:58:44,996 --> 00:58:46,691
We're sure looking
for opportunities

1449
00:58:46,691 --> 00:58:48,311
for collaboration,

1450
00:58:48,311 --> 00:58:51,685
sharing ideas,
building a conference,

1451
00:58:51,685 --> 00:58:53,380
workshops around these topics.

1452
00:58:53,380 --> 00:58:56,561
So please reach out. I'll
get you to the right person.

1453
00:58:56,561 --> 00:59:01,120
Thank you, Dr. Zane. 
We will conclude our webinar here.

1454
00:59:01,120 --> 00:59:02,800
Thank You

1455
00:59:02,800 --> 00:59:04,705
everyone for attending this.

1456
00:59:04,705 --> 00:59:09,475
And we will also notify
you of future CTECH webinars.

1457
00:59:09,475 --> 00:59:13,181
Thank you again, and
thank you Dr. Zane.

1458
00:59:13,181 --> 00:59:15,171
Thank you. 
Goodbye.